Diversity and Heritability of Morphophysiological Traits and Essential Oil of Oliveria decumbens Vent.in Iran.

Subject Areas : Medicinal Plants

Seyed Mohammad Hosein Ale Omrani Nejad ¹ , Hassanali Naghdi Badi ² , Ali Mehrafarin ³ , Vahid abdousi ⁴ , Farahnaz Khalighi Sigaroodi ⁵

1 - Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
3 - Head of Department / Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
4 - Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
5 - Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR

Received: 2018-09-16 Accepted : 2018-11-11 Published : 2018-11-22

Keywords: heritability, Gentic diversity, Morphophysiological characteristics, Essential oil,

Abstract :

In order to investigate the diversity of 25 populations, an experiment was conducted using 18 morphophysiological characteristics and percentage of essential oil.Samples were collected at their full flowering phase and morphophysiological characteristics were recorded.The results showed a variation among populations. By calculating genetic and environmental variances, changes in most traits including: stem leaf length, stem leaf width and stem leaf width/length, umbellule diameter, umbellule 100 dry weight/ umbellule 100 wet weight and a chlorophyll/b chlorophyll were determined by genetic factors. The general heritability showed the percentage of essential oil, umbellule number in plant and umbellule 100 dry weight were 0.91, 0.51 and 0.77, respectively. Study of correlation between characteristics and stepwise regression exhibited the greatest impact of the flower texture on essential oil production and umbellule 100 dry weight. Based on the factor analysis results, the three main factors justified 78.6% of the total variation among the characteristics. The biomass of the plant was the first factor followed by percentage of essential oil and flower weight as the second and third factors, respectively. Based on the cluster analysis results, the populations can be divided into 5 groups; in which third and fifth groups, with the highest average percentage of essential oil and maximum Umbellule 100 dry weight and Umbellule numbers in a plant, exhibited a great potential for cultivation. Moreover, the populations in cluster 1 and 4 alternatively have the greatest genetic distance from each other which can be exploited in cross over and production of synthetic seeds.