Study of the antifungal activity of marjoram (Origanum Vulgare L.), oregano (Mentha pulegium L.) and savory (Satureja hortensis L.) against Alternaria solani in storage conditions
Subject Areas : Medicinal Plants
Mostafa Darvishnia
1
(Plant protection, Lorestan University)
Ehsan Hasanvand
2
(Department of Plant Protection, Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.)
Moslem Moosavian
3
(Plant Protection, Lorestan University)
Keywords: Antifungal, savory, Oregano, Alternaria sp, Marjoram,
Abstract :
Abstract: In recent years, essential oils have been used for control microbial contamination of foods. In the present study, we have examined the anti-fungal effect of essential oils leaves of Satureja khuzestanica, Origanum majorana and Mentha pulegium—collected from the Gerain and Sefidkooh in Lorestan, in spring 2015—to control black mold on tomato (Alternaria solani) in storage conditions. Essential oil of plants were extracted by Clevenger-type apparatus. Effective ingredients of these essential oils were was identified by using chromatography–mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography. For the antifungal activity of these essential oils on the growth of A. solani fungus was used two methods such as paper disc and volatile material on PDA medium and also to determine the MIC and MFC was used of the concentrations 1.5, 1.7, 2, 2.3, 7, 8.5, 9, and 9.5 µ/ml in the medium PDB. evaluate the effect of these essential oil on the percentage of tomato fruit contamination 4 and 20 μl/ml of essential oils was sprayed on fruit infected with fungus. After seven days, percentage of infection rate on the fruit assessed in of statistical design. The highest compounds in essential oils of Satureja khuzestanica, Origanum majorana and Mentha pulegium were carvacrol (88.65%), thymol (46.19%) and pulegon (47.66%), respectively. These essentials inhibitory of growth of A. solani 48.96, 45.93, and 49.94 percent in disc method and 44.85, 51.01, and 48.96 percent in volatile method, respectively. Moreover, the concentration of 4 µ/ml and 20 µ/ml respectively 40, 57.78, 35.56, and 100, 66.67, and 40%
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