Socioeconomic Assessment of Organizing and Livestock out of the Forests and Aggregating Dispersed Woodman Families Projects
Subject Areas : forest
1 - Ph.D Student, College of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran,
Keywords:
Abstract :
Abstract In fact organizing and livestock out of the forests and aggregating dispersed woodman families projects is regional economic development plan with the aim sustaining production forests and improve the economic and social situation subjects is particular importance. This study reviews and analyzes the social and economic situation included the projects in the Minudasht and Galikesh cities. For this purpose, the three regions, one area of Yanqaq aggregation projects they later moved accommodation were on the sector that facilities it provides by department of natural resources for them and second area based per fee difference housing projects moved to town and finally, village People reject transport projects and now still live in the forest village, survey was conducted by self administered questionnaire and interviewing methods and use the Kruskal wallis, chi square and Binomial testes and histogram obtained for each of the variables. The results show improving of the living facilities acceptability project compared to villagers people while aggregation projects people were satisfied with their living conditions and amenities and per fee difference housing projects people grievances proclaim their. Results showed reducing dependence on forests individuals' included the projects compared to the villagers' people. As well as three regions their willingness to participate in conservation of natural resource. Finally, we can say interviewees included in aggregate projects are more satisfied with life compared to include per fee difference housing projects Such that their living conditions better compared to per fee difference housing projects and villages people and according to the willing participation the affairs of Natural resources can be programmed to improve their economic status.
References
1-Adler, B., A. Raff, K. Lauenroth, (2001). The effect of grazing on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation. Oecologia 128, pp: 465-479.
2-Alipur, A., S. Bagherian, Gh. Ahmadi, 2007. Analysis of economic and social activities of local communities in the utilization of natural resources of the North watershed areas (case study VazRud watershed- Noor city ) ,. The sixth economy Conference of the Iranian. Persian date Aban 1386 8-9: 14.
3-AmirNezhad, H., 2011. investigate the effect of socio-economic factors for tend to livestock out of the Mazandaran forests (case study: forest Sari city), rangeland journal 2 (Persian): 229-239.
4-Anonymous, 2009. Proposed Reorganization Plan forester families and livestock removal of forest watershed Golestan, Natural Resources Department of Golestan Province: 21.
5-Arnold, J.E.M., P.Bird, (1999). forest and the porerty environment Nexus. Prepared for the UNDP.EC Expert Workshop on Poverty and the Environment, Brussels, Belgium, January 20-21.32p.
6-Arta, F., A. Yakhkeshi, 2004. Introduction of environmental protection pattern, with emphasis on strengthening the socio-economic of rural communities in the HezarJarib region of Mazandaran province, Environmental Journal (Persian) 37: 47-83.
7-Azimi, N., M. AmiriLemar, 2008. Impact Assessment Regulatory livestock out of forest project for Woodman in Gilan Case study the central city of Rezvanshahr, Geographical Research Journal 63: 171-157.
8-Bihamta, MR., MA. ZareChahoki, 2008. Principles of Statistics on Natural Resources Science., Tehran University publication, first published: 300.
9-Brookfield H., Y. Byron (eds.), (1993). South-East Asia’s environmental future: The search for sustainability. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, Tokyo: United Nations University Press.pp:75-154.
10-Clark A., A. Oswald, (1994). Unhappiness and Unemployment. Economic Journal, 104, pp. 648 – 659.
11-Collins, S., A. Knapp, J. Briggs and j. Blair, (1998). Modulation of diversity by grazing and mowing in native tallgrass prairie, Science 280, pp. 745–747.
12-Gow, D. D., (1988). Development anthropology: In quest of practical vision. Development anthropology network, 6 (2): 13 – 17.
13-Hartnett d., k.L. Hickman, W. Fisher, (1996). Effects of bison grazing, fire, and topography on floristic diversity in tallgrass prairie, J. Range Manage. 49, pp.413–420.
14-Higman, S., (2005).The sustainable forestry handbook: a practical guide for tropical forest managers on implementing new standards, International Institute for Environment and Development, London, England:332p.
http:..siteresources.worldbank.org.INTARD.2145781253636075552.22322823.ForestGovernanceReforms.pdf.
15-Kalantari, Kh., 2003. Processing and analysis of data on social and economic research., Tehran, Sharif publication: 392.
16-Kumar, S., (2002). Does ‘‘Participation’’ in Common Pool Resource Management Help the Poor? A Social Cost–Benefit Analysis of Joint Forest Management in Jharkhand, India,. World Development Vol. 30, No. 5, pp: 763–782.
17-Mohanty, B., S. Ghanashyam, (2012). An empirical study on elements of forest governance:A study of JFM implementation models in Odisha. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 37,pp: 314 – 323.
18-Mortazavi,SA,. Nakhaei, N,. Navazi, MA,.2007. An Economic Evaluation of Removal of Grazing Animals from Forest Area and its Consequent Effects on the Prodution of Cattle & Sheep, The sixth economy Conference of the Iranian. Persian date Aban 1386 8-9: 18.
19-Nybakk E., P. Crespell, E. Crespell, A. Lunnan, 2009. Antecedents to forest owner innovativeness: An investigation of the non-timber forest products and services sector, Forest Ecology and Management 257: 608–618.
20-PirsofiOmleshi, M., 1997. Analysis of Socio-Economic condition of settling families in project of orgainizing and exciting domestic animals of Astara, MA thesis, faculty Natural Resources of Tarbiat Modarres University: 104.
21-Rishi, P., (2003). What Actors think of Joint Forest Management: A Perceptual Analysis. International Forestry Review. 5(1), pp. 53-57.
22-Rook, A.J., J.R.B. Tallowin, (2003). Grazing and pasture management for biodiversity benefit, Anim. Res. 52, pp. 181–189.
23-Saeidi, H.R., A. Najafi, 2011. Application of analytic network process (ANP) to determine priority of livestock movement out of forest and forest settlers reorganization (case study: Babakouh district; Guilan), Iranian Journal of Forest: 309-321.
24-Salam M.A., T. Noguchi, M. Koke, (2005). Factors influencing the sustained participation of farmers in participatory forestry: a case study in central Sal forests in Bangladesh,. Journal of Environmental Management 74:43–51p.
25-Shamekhi, T., SM. Mir Mohammadi, 2012. Forest and rangelands challenges of Iran and proposals for resolving the problems and, Economic Research Department, Leadership report No. 150: 31.
26-Sheikhpoor, R., S.Gh. Jalali, A. Yakhkeshi, Sh. Shariateja, (2011). Local Forestry,A Method for Solving Economic–Social Problems of Woodsmen.First Serbian Forestry Congress, 11-13 November 2010 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, pp:561-572.
27-Sternberg, M., M. Gutman, A. Perevolotsky., E.D. Ungar and J. Kigel, (2000). Vegetation response to grazing management in a Mediterranean herbaceous community: a functional group approach. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37: 224–237.
28-Winkelmann L., R. Winkelmann, (1998). Why are the Unemployed so Unhappy? Evidence from Panel Data. Economica:65 (257), pp. 1 – 15.
29-Wolfslehner, B., H. Vacik, M.J. Lexer, (2005). Application of the analytic network process in multi-criteria anlysis of sustainable forest management, Forest Ecology and Management, 207: 157-170.
30-World Bank. (2009). “Roots for Good Forest Outcomes: An Analytical Framework for Governance Reforms, Report No. 49572-GLB, Agriculture and Rural Development Department, Sustainable Development Network, World Bank, Washington, DC.
31-Wunder, S., (2001). Poverty alleviation and tropical forests: what scope for synergies? World Development 29 (11), 1817–1833.
-family:"B Nazanin"; mso-ansi-language:EN'>