Response of Late Maturing Hybrids Seed Corn to the Application of Potassium Sulfate under Deficit Irrigation
Subject Areas :
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology
Zohreh Henteh Henteh
1
,
Roghayeh Aminian
2
1 - M.Sc. Graduated of Agronomy, Naragh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Iran.
2 - - Assistant Professor, Production and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran..
Received: 2016-08-04
Accepted : 2017-01-15
Published : 2017-07-23
Keywords:
stepwise regression,
Drought stress,
Maize,
Potassium fertilizer,
Abstract :
To study the effect of potassium sulfate on seed yield, yield components and traits affecting seed yield of late maturing corn, a split split plot experiment using a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Kashan Desert Research Station. Irrigation levels consisted of complete irrigation and cutting off irrigation at panicle emergence and seed filling stages which were considered as the main factor, three levels of potassium sulfate 200 (recommendation based on the soil analysis), 245 and 290 kg.ha-1 as the subplot, and two single cross of corn, KSC 700 and 704, as sub-sub plots. Effect of irrigation on traits like seed number per row, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, relative water content and relative water loss were significant. The effect of cultivar on all traits, except relative water loss, and the effect of fertilizer on all traits, except number of rows per ear, were also significant. All of the KSC700 traits, except plant highest were better than those of cultivar KSC704. The highest values for the most traits were obtained in full irrigation condition, applying potassium sulfate at the rate of 290 kg.ha-1 for KSC 700. Cutting off irrigation at the panicle emergence of KSC 900 and seed filling of KSC 704 did not cause significant reduction in seed yield. Highest correlation of grain yield were obtained with number of kernels per row, 1000 grain weight and harvest index. Stepwise regression results showed that number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and 1000 grain weight in KSC 700, and biological yield and harvest index in KSC 704 justified 98.7 and 98.5 percent of changes, respectively.
References:
· Aharizad, S., S. Shahbazi, A. Mohammadi, A. Fouman Ajirlo, and M. Noruzi. 2012. Response of some grain sorghum genotypes to water deficit. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 4(5): 1-14. (In Persian).
· Amiri, S., S. Noor-mohamadi, A.A. Jafari, and R. Chugan. 2009. Correlation, regression and path analysis for grain yield and yield components on early maturing hybrids of grain corn. Journal of Plant Production. 16 (2): 99-112. (In Persian).
· Bukvice, G., M. Antunovic, S. Poovic, and M. Rastiya. 2003. Effect of P and Zn fertilization on biomass, yield and its uptake by maize lines (Zea mays L.). Plant Soil and Environment. 49: 505-510.
· Cakir, R. 2004. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Research. 89 (1): 1–16.
· Dastbandan-nejad, S., T. Saki, and S. Lack. 2010. Study effect of drought stress and different levels of potassium fertilizer on K+ accumulation in corn. Nature and Science. 8(5): 23-27.
· Diaz-Perez, J.C., K.A. Shackel, and E.G. Sutter. 2006. Relative water content. Annals of Botany. 97(1): 85-96.
· Eivazi, A.R., K. Afsharpour, H. Ranji, S.H. Mousavi, and M. Roshdi. 2011. Effect of drought stress on some physiological traits of corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes. Crop Production in Environmental Stress. 3(1-2): 1-16. (In Persian).
· Emam, Y. 2011. Cereal production. Shiraz University Press. Fourth edition.190 pp. (In Persian).
· Emam, Y., and M.J. Seghateleslami. 2005. Crop yield, physiology and processes. Shiraz University Press, 593 pp. (In Persian).
· Ezatmand, R., M. Roshdi, N. Haji-hasani-asl, N. Hoseini, and S. Bodaghi. 2011. Decreasing the effects of drought stress on yield and yield components of corn by potassium consumption. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 3(1): 31-42. (In Persian).
· Gavuzzi P., F. Rizza, M. Palumbo, R.C. Campanile, G.L. Ricciardi, and B. Borghi. 1997. Evaluation of field and laboratory predictors of drought and heat tolerance in winter cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 77: 523-531.
· Haghighi, K., A. Cherati, M.H. Hadadi, O. Ghasemi, and M. Abdolmalaki. 2010. Effect of potassium and zinc application on the yield of two silage corn cultivar. 06th National Conference on New Ideas in Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan. (In Persian).
· Harris, A.G., M. Rashid, M.A. Miraj, and H. Shah. 2007. On-farm’ seed priming with zinc sulphate solution-A cost- effective way to increase the maize yields of resource- poor farmers. Field Crops Research. 102: 119- 127.
· Henteh, Z. 2013. The effect of drought stress and different levels of potassium fertilizer on yield and yield component of maize hybrid (S.C 700, S.C 704) in Kashan. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University of Naragh. 170 pp. (In Persian).
· Hugh, J.E., and F.D. Richard. 2003. Effect of drought stress on leaf and whole canopy radiation use efficiency and yield of maize. Agronomy Journal. 95: 688-696.
· Jagtap, V.S., P.S. Bhargava, and J. Feirabend. 1998. Comparative effect of water, heat and Light stresses on photosynthetic reactions in Sorghum biocolor L. Journal of Experimental Botany. 49: 1715-1721.
· Kalamian, S., A.M. Modares- sanavi, and A. Sepehri. 2005. Effect of water deficit at vegetative and reproductive growth stage in leafy and commercial hybrids of maize. Agricultural Research (Water, Soil and Plant). 5: 38-53. (In Persian).
· Khajehpour, M.R. 2013. Principle and fundamental of crop production. Third edition. Isfahan Technical University Press. 685 pp. (In Persian).
· Khalily, M., M. Naghavi, A. Pour-Aboughadareh, H. Naseri rad. 2013. Effects of drought stress on yield and yield components in maize cultivars (Zea mays L). International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. 4 (4): 809-812.
· Krauss, A. 1994. Potassium in soils dynamic and availability. Iran Agro Food Export Promotions Center, Tehran. 42 pp.
· Mir-hadi, M.J. 2000. Corn. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization press. 214 pp. (In Persian).
· Nasri, R., F. Paknejad, M. Sadeghi- shoae, S. Ghorbani, and Z. Fatemi. 2011. Correlation and path analysis of drought stress on yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Karaj region. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 4(8): 155-165. (In Persian).
· Osborne, S.L., J.S. Schepper, D.D. Francis, and M.R. Schlemmer. 2002 .Use of spectral radiance to in– season biomass and grain yield in nitrogen and water - stressed corn. Crop Science. 42: 163-171.
· Rabbani, J., and Y. Emam. 2011. Yield response of maize hybrids to drought stress at different growth stages. Journal of Crop Production and Processing. 1 (2): 65-78. (In Persian).
· Rafie-manesh, S., A. Ayeneband, and D. Nabati-ahmadi. 2009. Effect of irrigation amount and irrigation cut-off time at different growth stages on the yield of corn hybrid SC 704 in Ahvaz condition. Journal of Crop Physiology. 3: 93-105. (In Persian).
· Reddy, K.R., H.F. Hodges, and J. Varco. 2000. Potassium nutrition of cotton. Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Bulletin. 1054: 1-10.
· Sajedi, N.A., M.R. Ardakani, A. Naderi, H. Madani, and M.M.A. Boojar. 2008. Effect of nutrition elements application on agronomical characters of maize hybrid (KSC.704) under water deficit stress at different growth stages. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 4 (1): 89-102. (In Persian).
· Sepehri, A., A.M. Modarres- sanavy, B. Ghare-yazi, and Y. Yamini. 2001. Effect of water deficit and different nitrogen rates on growth and development stages, yield and yield component of maize (Zea mays L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 3: 184-196. (In Persian).
· Seyedzavar, J., M. Norouzi, S. Aharizad, and A. Bandehhagh. 2015. Relationship between yield and yield components of maize hybrids under different irrigation. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 1(33): 93-107. (In Persian).
· Sheikhi, M., N. Sajedi, and M. Jiriyae. 2011. Effects of water deficit stress on agronomical traits of maize hybrids in Arak climate condition. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 8(3): 101-110. (In Persian).
· Sherbaf-khojasteh, S., and M. Ahmadi. 1998. Evaluation of effect of different irrigation regimes and Nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components, chemical and physical characteristics of corn seed. 5th Iranian Crop Sciences Congress. Tehran University. 251 pp. (In Persian).
· Setter, T.L., A. Brian, F. Lannigan, and J. Melkonian. 2001. Loss of kernel set due to water deficit and shade in maize: Carbohydrate supplies, abscise acid, and cytokinins. Crop Science. 41: 1530-1540.
· Xiong, L., K.S. Schumaker, and J.K. Zhu. 2002. Cell signaling during cold, drought, and salt stress. The Plant Cell. 14: 165- 183.
· Zinali, H., E. Naser-abadi, H. Hossein-zadeh, R. Chugan, and M. Sabokdast. 2005. Factor analysis on hybrid of cultivar grain maize. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science. 36(4): 895-902. (In Persian)
_||_
