The Relationship between Borderline Personality Traits and Defense Styles with Marital Adjustment in Couples Referring to Counseling Centers
Subject Areas : Woman and familyMohammad Barzegar 1 , Masoud Bagheri 2 , Farshid Khosrowpour 3
1 - PhD student in General Psychology, Zarand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarand, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran. (Corresponding Author)Mbagheri@uk.ac.ir
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Zarand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarand, Iran
Keywords: marital adjustment, Defense Styles, Borderline personality,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was To investigate the relationship between borderline personality traits and defense styles with marital adjustment. To achieve this goal, 300 individuals who referred to family counseling centers of Rafsanjan were selected by purposive sampling method. Then they were given the Leishnerling Personality Traits Questionnaire (1999), the Spanier Modified Marital Adjustment Questionnaire RDAS (1979) and the Defense Styles Questionnaire of Andrews, Singh & Bond (1993). Then, the obtained data were analyzed by multivariate correlation coefficient and rRegression analysis. The results showed that borderline personality traits and immature defense style had a significant negative relationship with marital adjustment.Conflict of interest: According to the authors of the present article, there was no conflict of interest.Conflict of interest: According to the authors of the present article, there was no conflict of interest.
ایمانی، مهدی و دهقان، مریم (1399). مقایسه سبکهای دفاعی، ناگویی هیجانی و طرحواره ناسازگار در افراد مبتلا به آسم و افراد بهنجار. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی علوم روانشناختی. ۱۹ (۹۲)، ۹۶۶-۹۵۷.
بشارت، محمدعلی (1391). بررسی پایایی، روایی و تحلیل عاملی پرسشنامه سبکهای دفاعی. روانشناسی معاصر.
بشارت، محمدعلی (1386). بررسی ویژگیهای روان سنجی پرسشنامه سبکهای دفاعی. گزارش پژوهشی، دانشگاه تهران.
پارویی، مهدی، بسطامی کتولی، مالک، کربلایی اسمعیل، انسیه، کاظمی رضایی، سید علی، کاظمی رضایی، سید ولی (1397). پیشبینی رضایت زناشویی پرستاران بر اساس سبکهای دلبستگی، مکانیزم های دفاعی و کیفیت زندگی. روان پرستاری.۶ (۲)، ۳۲-۲۴.
حسینی، مطهره و جمهری، فرهاد (۱۳۹۷). بررسی رابطه اختلالات شخصیتی با رضایت زناشویی زوجین، پنجمین کنفرانس بین المللی روانشناسی،علوم تربیتی و سبک زندگی، قزوین، موسسه آموزش عالی تاکستان.
حیرت، عاطفه؛ فاتحی زاده، مریم السادات؛ احمدی، سیداحمد؛ اعتمادی، عذرا و بهرامی، فاطمه (1393). نقش ابعاد سبک زندگی زوجی در پیش بینی سازگاری زناشویی. زن و جامعه، 5 (18)، 145-158.
ربانی، شیرین و اکبری، حبیب اله (۱۳۹۷). رابطه مکانیسم های دفاعی و انتظار از ازدواج با سازگاری زناشویی زنان متاهل، چهارمین کنفرانس سراسری دانش و فناوری علوم تربیتی مطالعات اجتماعی و روانشناسی ایران، تهران، موسسه برگزار کننده همایش های توسعه محور دانش و فناوری سام ایرانیان.
رحیم زاده ینگی کند، عباس، کرد، بهمن و اپروز، کمال. (1399). رابطۀ سبکهای دفاعی و ناگویی هیجانی با داشتن افکار خودکشی. فصلنامه روان شناسی تحلیلی شناختی، 11(40), 13-24.
زندی، سعید؛ شهابی نژاد، زهرا و برهان، اعظم (۱۳۹۶). پیشبینی سطوح مختلف مکانیسمهای دفاعی بر اساس پنج عامل بزرگ شخصیت در دانشجویان. علوم پزشکی زانکو، ۱۸ (۵۶)،۲۱-۳۲.
شاکر دولق، علی و قریشی بوکانی، کوثر (1394). نقش ویژگی های شخصیتی و مکانیسم های دفاعی در پیش بینی سازگاری زناشویی زوجین دارای مشکل نازایی. نسیم تندرستی، 3 (4)، 30-36.
صادقی، سیما؛ قربانی، نیما؛ بهرامی احسان، هادی و کیانی، مجتبی (1391). مقایسه اختلالات شخصیت در زوج های سازگار و ناسازگار بر اساس swap-200. پژوهشهای نوین روانشناختی تبریز، 7 (25)، 83-99.
غلاممحمدی، هادی، براه، زهرا و پاغوش، عطاالله. (1396) غنی سازی روابط در ازدواج با رویکرد دینی و فرهنگی. مشهد: نشر فرا انگیزش.
کاپلان، هارولد و سادوک، بنیاین (2015). چکیده روانپزشکی بالینی ، ترجمه فرزین رضاعی. تهران: ارجمند
محمدزاده، علی و رضایی، اکبر (1390). اعتبارسنجی پرسشنامه شخصیت مرزی در جامعه ایرانی.علوم رفتاری 3 (5)، 269-278.
هنرپروران، نازنین (۱۳۹۳). بررسی اثر بخشی رویکرد پذیرش و تعهد بر بخشش و سازگاری زناشویی. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی زن و جامعه، 5(19)، ۱۳۵-۱۵۰.
یحیوی، رباب، خانجانی، زینب و علیوندی وفا، مرضیه (1393). پیش بینی سازگاری در ازدواج بر اساس الگوهای بالینی شخصیت و نشانگان بالینی. فصلنامه نسیم تندرستی، 3، 45-55.
یوسفی، ناصر (1390). بررسی شاخصهای روان سنجی مقیاس کیفیت زناشویی، فرم تجدید نظر شده (RDAS). پژوهشهای روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره، 1(2)، 183-200.
American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™ (5th Ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of nervous and mental disease, 246-256.
Ben-Ari, A., & Lavee, Y. (2005). Dyadic characteristics of individual attributes: Attachment, neuroticism, and their relation to marital quality and closeness. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75(4), 621-631.
Boden, J. S., Fischer, J. L., Niehuis, S., & Niehuiws, S. (2017). Predicting marital adjustment from young adults’ initial levels and changes in emotional intimacy over time: A 25-year longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development. 17(3), 121-34.
Bouchard, S; Sabourin, S (2016) Borderline personality disorder and couple dysfunctions, Current Psychiatry Reports, 11(1), 55-62.
Bouchard, G., Thériault, V. J. (2003). Defense mechanisms and coping strategies in conjugal relationships: An integration. International Journal of Psychology, 38 (2), 79-90.
Bouchard, S., Sabourin, S., Lussier, Y., & Villeneuve, E. (2009). Relationship quality and stability in couples when one partner suffers from borderline personality disorder. J Marital Fam Ther, 35(4), 446-455.
Bowins, B. (2004). Psychological defense mechanisms: a new perspective. Am J Psychoanal, 64(1), 1-26.
Bradbury, T., Fincham, F., & Beach, S. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 964-980.
Busby DM, Christensen C, Crane RD, Larson JH1 (1995). A revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale for usewith distressed and non-distressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scales. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy; 1; 21(3): 289-308.
Graboys, B (2020). Antisocial & Borderline Personality Disorder Traits-Impact on Marital Adjustment Mechanisms. Adler University. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. [Thesis].
Hollist. C. S, Miller R. B. (2005). Perceptions of attachment style and marital quality in midlife marriage. Family Relations, 54, 46-58.
Gottman, J. M., & Levenson, R. W. (2002). Generating hypotheses after 14 years of marital followup; or, how should one speculate? A reply to DeKay, Greeno, and Houck. Family Process, 41(1), 105-110.
Kamal, H., Tiwari, R., Behera, J., & Hasan, B. (2018). Personality variables and marital adjustment: A systematic review. Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing, 9(4), 534-541.
Kernberg, O.F. (1976). Object relations theory and clinical psydhoanalysis. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc.
Kisşlak-Tutarel Ş. & Göztepe I. (2012). The relationship between emotional expression, empathy, depression and marital adjustment. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3 (2), 27-46.
Leichsenring F. (1999). Development and first results of the Borderline Personality Inventory: A self-report instrument for assessing borderline personality organization. Journal of Personality Assessment, 73(1), 45-63.
Malone, J. C., Cohen, S., Liu, S. R., Vaillant, G. E., & Waldinger, R. J. (2013). Adaptive midlife defense mechanisms and late-life health. Pers Individ Dif, 55(2), 85-89.
McGlashan, T. H., Grilo, C. M., Sanislow, C. A., Ralevski, E., Morey, L. C., Gunderson, J. G., et al. (2005). Two-year prevalence and stability of individual DSM–IV criteria for schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders: Toward a hybrid model of Axis II disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 883–889.
Presniak, M. D., Olson, T. R. & MacGregor, M. Wm. (2010). The Role of Defense Mechanisms in Borderline and Antisocial Personalities, Journal of Personality Assessment, 92(2), 137-145.
Powers, A. D., Gleason, M. E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2013). Symptoms of borderline personality disorder predict interpersonal (but not independent) stressful life events in a community sample of older adults. Journal of abnormal psychology, 122(2), 469.
Sabre K. (2016). Marital Adjustment among Women: A Comparative study of nuclear and joint families.The International Journal of Indian Psychology; 3(5):26-32.
Sivandian M., & Besharat M. A. (2019). The Association between Attachment Styles and Marital Adjustment: The Moderating Role of Defense Mechanisms. J Research Health. 9(7), 544-553.
South, S. C., Turkheimer, E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2008). Personality disorder symptoms and marital functioning. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 76(5), 769–780.
Spanier GB. (1976). Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: new scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and Family, 38(1), 15-28.
Spanier, B. (1983). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriageand similar, dyads. Marriage Family Journal, 12, 286-95.
Ungerer, A. J., Waters, B., Barnett, B. & Dolby R. (1997). Defense Style and Adjustment in Interpersonal Relationships. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, (3), 375-384.
Weibe, S. A., & Johnson, S. M. (2018). Creating relationships that foster resilience in emotionally focused therapy. Current Opinion in psychology, 13, 65–69.
_||_1-American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™ (5th Ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
2- Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of nervous and mental disease, 246-256.
3- Ben-Ari, A., & Lavee, Y. (2005). Dyadic characteristics of individual attributes: Attachment, neuroticism, and their relation to marital quality and closeness. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75(4), 621-631.
4- Boden, J. S., Fischer, J. L., Niehuis, S., & Niehuiws, S. (2017). Predicting marital adjustment from young adults’ initial levels and changes in emotional intimacy over time: A 25-year longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development. 17(3), 121-34.
5- Bouchard, G., Thériault, V. J. (2003). Defense mechanisms and coping strategies in conjugal relationships: An integration. International Journal of Psychology, 38 (2), 79-90.
6- Bouchard, S., Sabourin, S., Lussier, Y., & Villeneuve, E. (2009). Relationship quality and stability in couples when one partner suffers from borderline personality disorder. J Marital Fam Ther, 35(4), 446-455.
7- Bouchard, S; Sabourin, S (2016) borderline personality disorder and couple dysfunctions, Current Psychiatry Reports, 11(1), 55-62.
8- Bowins, B. (2004). Psychological defense mechanisms: a new perspective. Am J Psychoanal, 64(1), 1-26.
9- Bradbury, T., Fincham, F., & Beach, S. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 964-980.
10- Busby DM, Christensen C, Crane RD, Larson JH1 (1995). A revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale for usewith distressed and non-distressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scales. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy; 1; 21(3): 289-308.
11- Gholam Mohammadi, Hadi, Brah, Zahra and Paghosh, Ataullah. (2017) Enriching relationships in marriage with a religious and cultural approach. Mashhad: Farangizesh Publishing.
12- Gottman, J. M., & Levenson, R. W. (2002). Generating hypotheses after 14 years of marital followup; or, how should one speculate? A reply to DeKay, Greeno, and Houck. Family Process, 41(1), 105-110.
13- Graboys, B (2020). Antisocial & Borderline Personality Disorder Traits-Impact on Marital Adjustment Mechanisms. Adler University. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. [Thesis].
14- Heirat, Atefeh; Fatehizadeh, Maryam Sadat; Ahmadi, Seyed Ahmad; Etemadi, Ozra and Bahrami, Fatemeh (2014). The role of couple lifestyle dimensions in predicting marital adjustment. Women and Society, 5 (18), 145-158.
15- Hollist. C. S, Miller R. B. (2005). Perceptions of attachment style and marital quality in midlife marriage. Family Relations, 54, 46-58.
16- Honparvaran, Nazanin (2014). Investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment approach on forgiveness and marital adjustment. Journal of Women and Society, 5 (19), 135-150.
17- Imani, Mehdi and Dehghan, Maryam (2020). Comparison of defense styles, emotional malaise and maladaptive schemas in people with asthma and normal people. Journal of Psychological Sciences. 19 (92), 966-957.
18- Kamal, H., Tiwari, R., Behera, J., & Hasan, B. (2018). Personality variables and marital adjustment: A systematic review. Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing, 9(4), 534-541.
19- Kernberg, O.F. (1976). Object relations theory and clinical psydhoanalysis. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc.
20- Kisşlak-Tutarel Ş. & Göztepe I. (2012). The relationship between emotional expression, empathy, depression and marital adjustment. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3 (2), 27-46.
21- Leichsenring F. (1999). Development and first results of the Borderline Personality Inventory: A self-report instrument for assessing borderline personality organization. Journal of Personality Assessment, 73(1), 45-63.
22- Malone, J. C., Cohen, S., Liu, S. R., Vaillant, G. E., & Waldinger, R. J. (2013). Adaptive midlife defense mechanisms and late-life health. Pers Individ Dif, 55(2), 85-89.
23- McGlashan, T. H., Grilo, C. M., Sanislow, C. A., Ralevski, E., Morey, L. C., Gunderson, J. G., et al. (2005). Two-year prevalence and stability of individual DSM–IV criteria for schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders: Toward a hybrid model of Axis II disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 883–889.
24- Paroui, Mehdi, Bastami Katoli, Malik, Karbalaei Ismail, Ensieh, Kazemi Rezaei, Seyed Ali, Kazemi Rezaei, Seyed Vali (2018). Predicting nurses' marital satisfaction based on attachment styles, defense mechanisms and quality of life. Psychiatric Nursing.6 (2), 32-24.
25- Powers, A. D., Gleason, M. E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2013). Symptoms of borderline personality disorder predict interpersonal (but not independent) stressful life events in a community sample of older adults. Journal of abnormal psychology, 122(2), 469.
26- Presniak, M. D., Olson, T. R. & MacGregor, M. Wm. (2010). The Role of Defense Mechanisms in Borderline and Antisocial Personalities, Journal of Personality Assessment, 92(2), 137-145.
27- Sabre K. (2016). Marital Adjustment among Women: A Comparative study of nuclear and joint families. The International Journal of Indian Psychology; 3(5):26-32.
28- Sivandian M., & Besharat M. A. (2019). The Association between Attachment Styles and Marital Adjustment: The Moderating Role of Defense Mechanisms. J Research Health. 9(7), 544-553.
29- South, S. C., Turkheimer, E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2008). Personality disorder symptoms and marital functioning. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 76(5), 769–780.
30- Spanier GB. (1976). Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: new scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and Family, 38(1), 15-28.
31- Spanier, B. (1983). Measuring dyadic adjustment: new scales for assessing the quality of marriageand similar, dyads. Marriage Family Journal, 12, 286-95.
32- Ungerer, A. J., Waters, B., Barnett, B. & Dolby R. (1997). Defense Style and Adjustment in Interpersonal Relationships. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, (3), 375-384.
33- Weibe, S. A., & Johnson, S. M. (2018). Creating relationships that foster resilience in emotionally focused therapy. Current Opinion in psychology, 13, 65–69.