Comparative comparison of the effective components of biophilic architecture in the design of contemporary residential complexes and traditional housing (case study: Shiraz city)

Subject Areas : Life Space Journal

NEDA TONDROWSALEH ¹ , vahideh hojati ² , khosro movahed ³

1 - Architecture, Art and Architecture, Azad Islami, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Architecture, Art and Architecture, Azad Islami, Shiraz, Iran
3 - Architecture, Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Received: 2023-06-24 Accepted : 2024-08-26 Published : 2024-02-20

Keywords: Housing, contemporary, traditional, biophilic, architecture, design,

Abstract :

The entry of biophilic into the field of design in architecture, unlike other architectural trends, has started from the field of theory and scientific books. For this purpose, architecture has been searching for a way to meet human needs since long ago, and one of the most important human needs is the need for nature and communication with it. Therefore, biophilic design does not mean to cover our buildings with flowers and plants, but biophilic design tries, by integrating nature in the design, to eliminate the gap between traditional housing design and contemporary housing, and significantly It has influenced people's life patterns by designing based on biophilic patterns derived from traditional housing in connecting architecture with nature in contemporary housing design. The purpose of this research was to compare the effective components of biophilic architecture in the design of contemporary residential complexes and traditional housing in Shiraz city. The current research has a combined paradigm due to the use of quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to investigate the comparative comparison of biophilic components, case samples in two categories of traditional housing patterns and contemporary housing were selected by the field method, and then questions based on biophilic components extracted from the theoretical foundations of a questionnaire were created by the researcher under the supervision of professors. and the researchers were designed considering the previous researches. For this purpose, validity assessment (referring to 34 experts in the field of architecture) by calculating cvr index and in terms of reliability by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the validity index for all questions was above 0.75 and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was more than 0.7. Then, using the descriptive-analytical method, the results of the questionnaires have been analyzed and evaluated with the help of SPSS version 24 software. The main hypothesis of the research was to investigate the priority of biophilic architectural components in contemporary and traditional housing according to experts. For this purpose, Friedman's ranking test was used and the result of the test showed that the ranking of components in traditional housing does not have the same priority according to experts (p<0.05). Comparing the ranking of components in traditional and contemporary housing tells about There are similarities in prioritization in some ranks and differences in other priorities. According to architectural experts, visual connection with nature, direct connection with natural systems and shelter in traditional and contemporary patterns are of high importance and perspective, risk and patterns and biomorphic forms have the same ranks but other components They had different priorities. Although Friedman's ranking test determines to some extent the difference in the value of each component in traditional and contemporary housing, it does not show the significance of this difference in the form of paired comparison of each component in contemporary and traditional housing. For this reason, the Wilcoxon signed test was used for pairwise comparison of components. This test is the non-parametric equivalent of the t-mean pairwise comparison test. Also, the Wilcoxon signed test was used for pairwise comparison of components. This test is the non-parametric equivalent of the t-mean pairwise comparison test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test was used to show the normality and non-normality of the distribution of the variables. The results of the data distribution tests showed that the obtained data do not have a normal distribution (p<0.05) and should be Non-parametric tests should be used to measure research hypotheses. To investigate the effect of age and education on the responses, the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the age and education of people did not have a significant effect on their responses, and to investigate the significant difference of gender on the responses, Mann-Whitney test was used. The result of this test showed that the gender of people has no significant effect on their answers. The results of the research show that the average ratings obtained in contemporary residential complexes and traditional housing in Shiraz in the components of visual connection with nature, thermal diversity and air flow, direct connection with natural systems, connection With natural materials and shelters, they have a significant difference in quantity. In other words, although in the prioritization of some of these components, they have the same ranks in both types of housing, but their value has a significant difference.