A Novel Eye Gaze Estimation Method Using Ant Colony Optimizer
Subject Areas : Journal of Computer & Robotics
1 - Department of Computer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Keywords:
Abstract :
[1] Kim, B. C.; Ko, D.; Jang, U.; Han, H.; Lee, E. C., 3D Gaze tracking by combining eye-and facial-gaze vectors. The Journal of Supercomputing, vol. 73, no. 7, pp. 3038-3052 (2017).
[2] Stanovich, K. E., "Concepts in developmental theories of reading skill: Cognitive resources, automaticity, and modularity" Developmental review, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 72-100 (1990).
[3] Armato, A.; Lanatà, A.; Scilingo, E. P., "Comparative study on photometric normalization algorithms for an innovative, robust and real-time eye gaze tracker", Journal of real-time image processing, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 21-33 (2013).
[4] Biswas, P.; Langdon, P., "Multimodal intelligent eye-gaze tracking system", International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 277-294 (2015).
[5] Chen, J.; Ji, Q., "A Probabilistic Approach to Online Eye Gaze Tracking Without Explicit Personal Calibration", IEEE Transactions On Image Processing, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1076-1086 (2015).
[6] Maheswari, S. U.; Anbalagan, P.; Priya, T., "Efficient iris recognition through improvement in iris segmentation algorithm", International Journal on Graphics, Vision and Image Processing, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 29-35 (2008).
[7] Jagadeesan, A.; Thillaikkarasi, T.; Duraiswamy, K., "Cryptographic key generation from multiple biometric modalities: Fusing minutiae with iris feature", Int. J. Comput. Appl, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 16-26 (2010).
[8] Krisshna, N. A.; Deepak, V. K.; Manikantan, K.; Ramachandran, S., "Face recognition using transform domain feature extraction and PSO-based feature selection", Applied Soft Computing, vol. 22, pp. 141-161 (2014).
[9] Tan, K. H.; Kriegman, D. J.; Ahuja, N., "Appearance-based eye gaze estimation", In Applications of Computer Vision, (WACV 2002). Proceedings. Sixth IEEE Workshop on pp. 191-195 IEEE (2002).
[10] Lu, F.; Okabe, T.; Sugano, Y.; Sato, Y., "A head pose-free approach for appearance-based gaze estimation", In BMVC, pp. 1-11 (2011) .
[11] Sugano, Y.; Matsushita, Y.; Sato, Y.; Koike, H., "An incremental learning method for unconstrained gaze estimation", In European Conference on Computer Vision, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 656-667 (2008).
[12] Kim, H.; Lee, S. H.; Sohn, M. K.; Kim, D. J., "Illumination invariant head pose estimation using random forests classifier and binary pattern run length matrix", Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1 (2014).
[13] Simon, D., "Biogeography-based optimization", IEEE transactions on evolutionary computation, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 702-713 (2008).
[14] Cho, D. C.; Yap, W. S.; Lee, H.; Lee, I.; Kim, W. Y., "Long range eye gaze tracking system for a large screen", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 58, no. 4 (2012).
[15] Bostanci, E.; Kanwal, N.; Clark, A. F., "Augmented reality applications for cultural heritage using Kinect", Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1 (2015).
[16] Wang, J. G.; Sung, E., "Study on eye gaze estimation", IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics), vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 332-350 (2002).
[17] Wang, J. G.; Sung, E.; Venkateswarlu, R., "Estimating the eye gaze from one eye", Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 83-103 (2005).
[18] Zhang, W.; Zhang, T. N.; Chang, S. J., "Eye gaze estimation from the elliptical features of one iris", Optical Engineering, vol. 50, no. 4 (2011).
[19] Eberhart, R.; Kennedy, J., "A new optimizer using particle swarm theory", In Micro Machine and Human Science, 1995. MHS'95, Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on (pp. 39-43). IEEE (1995).
[20] Valenti, R.; Gevers, T., "Accurate eye center location through invariant isocentric patterns", IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1785-1798 (2012).
[21] Valenti, R.; Gevers, T., "Accurate eye center location and tracking using isophote curvature", In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2008. IEEE Conference on pp. 1-8 (2008).
[22] Cho, D. C.; Kim, W. Y., "Long-range gaze tracking system for large movements", IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 60, no. 12, pp. 3432-3440 (2013).
[23] Baek, S. J.; Choi, K. A.; Ma, C.; Kim, Y. H.; Ko, S. J., "Eyeball model-based iris center localization for visible image-based eye-gaze tracking systems", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 415-421 (2013).
[24] Timm, F.; Barth, E., "Accurate Eye Centre Localization by Means of Gradients" Visapp, vol. 11, pp. 125-130 (2011).
[25] Campadelli, P.; Lanzarotti, R.; Lipori, G., "Precise Eye Localization through a General-to-specific Model Definition", In BMVC vol. 1, pp. 187-196 (2006).
[26] Dorigo, M.; Birattari, M., "Ant colony optimization", In Encyclopedia of machine learning, pp. 36-39 (2011).
[27] Prakasam, A.; Savarimuthu, N., "Metaheuristic algorithms and probabilistic behaviour: a comprehensive analysis of Ant Colony Optimization and its variants", Artificial Intelligence Review, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 97-130 (2016).
[28] Hao, Z.; Zhang, X.; Yu, P.; Li, H., "Video object tracing based on particle filter with ant colony optimization", In Advanced Computer Control (ICACC), 2010 2nd International Conference on vol. 3, pp. 232-236. IEEE (2010).
[29] Kim, H. I.; Kim, J. B.; Park, R. H., "Efficient and Fast Iris Localization Using Binary Radial Gradient Features for Human–Computer Interaction", International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 31, no. 11, (2017).
[30] Chen, B.; Chen, L.; Chen, Y., "Efficient ant colony optimization for image feature selection", Signal processing, vol. 93, no. 6, pp. 1566-1576 (2013).
[31] Valenti, R.; Gevers, T., "Accurate eye center location through invariant isocentric patterns", IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, vol. 34, no. 9, pp.1785-1798 (2012).
[32] Srivastava, D. K.; Budhraja, T., "An Effective Model for Face Detection Using R, G, B Color Segmentation with Genetic Algorithm", In Proceedings of First International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems, vol. 2, pp. 47-55 (2016).
[33] Kumar, P.; Shashidhara, M., "Skin color segmentation for detecting human face region in image", In Communications and Signal Processing (ICCSP), 2014 International Conference on pp. 001-005. IEEE (2014).
[34] Rivera, A. R.; Castillo, J. R.; Chae, O. O., "Local directional number pattern for face analysis: Face and expression recognition", IEEE transactions on image processing, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1740-1752 (2013).
[35] Zhang, T.; Tang, Y. Y.; Fang, B.; Shang, Z.; Liu, X., "Face recognition under varying illumination using gradientfaces", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 2599-2606 (2009).
[36] Kirsch, R. A., "Computer determination of the constituent structure of biological images", Computers and biomedical research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 315-328 (1971).
[37] Cortes, C.; Vapnik, V., "Support-vector networks", Machine learning, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 273-297 (1995).
[38] Florea, L.; Florea, C.; Vrânceanu, R.; Vertan, C., "Can Your Eyes Tell Me How You Think? A Gaze Directed Estimation of the Mental Activity", In BMVC (2013).
[39] Valenti, R.; Sebe, N.; Gevers, T., "Combining head pose and eye location information for gaze estimation", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 802-815 (2012).
[40] Goldberg, D. E., "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Language", Addison-Wesley: Reading, UK (1989).
[41] Luengo-Oroz, M. A.; Faure, E.; Angulo, J., "Robust iris segmentation on uncalibrated noisy images using mathematical morphology", Image and Vision Computing, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 278-284 (2010).
[42] Haralick, R. M.; Sternberg, S. R.; Zhuang, X., "Image analysis using mathematical morphology", IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, vol. 4, pp. 532-550 (1987).