Comprehension of factual, nonfactual, and counterfactual conditionals by Iranian EFL learners
Subject Areas : Journal of Teaching English Language Studies
1 - Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch
Keywords:
Abstract :
Bonatti, L. (1994). Propositional reasoning by model. Psychological Review, 101,725-733.
Breckenrigde, W. (2000). On the truth conditions of indicative and counterfactual Conditionals. Psychological Review, 96,1-10.
Byrne, R. M. J. (1997). Cognitive processes in counterfactual thinking about what might have been. The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory, 37, 105-154
Byrne, R. M. J. (2002). Mental models and counterfactual thoughts about what might have been. TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 426- 431.
Byrne, R. M. J. (2007). Précis of the rational imagination: How people create alternatives to reality. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30, 439- 480.
Byrne, R. M. J. (2009). "If" and the problems of conditional reasoning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 13, 282-287.
Byrne, R. M. J. & Egan, S. M. (2004). Counterfactual and prefactual conditionals. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology. 58, 113- 120.
Byrne, R. M. J. & McEleny, A. (2000). Counterfactual thinking about actions and failure to act. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, memory, & cognition, 26, 1318- 1331.
Byrne, R. M. J., Segura, S., Culhane, R., Tasso, A., & Berrocal, P. (2000). The temporality effect in counterfactual thinking about what might have been. Memory and cognition, 28, 264- 281.
Byrne, R. M. J., & Tasso, A. (1999). Deductive reasoning with factual, possible, and counterfactual conditionals. Memory and cognition, 27, 726- 740.
Celce- Murica, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1991). The grammar book: An ESl/ EFl teachers course (2nd edition). Newyork: Heinle & Heinle.
De Vega, M., & Urritia, M. (2011). Counterfactual sentences activate embodied meaning: an action- sentence compatibility effect study. Journal of cognitive psychology, 23, 962- 973.
Evans, J. St. B. T. (2003). In two minds: dual- process accounts of reasoning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 7, 454- 459.
Evans, J. St. B. T., Newstead, S. E., & Byrne, R. M.J. (1993). Human reasoning. The psychology of deduction. Hove, England: Erlbaum.
Fauconnier, G. (1994). Mental spaces: aspects of meaning construction in natural language. New York: Cambridge university press.
Fauconnier, G. (1997). Mapping in thought and language. Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
Fillenbaum, S. (1974). Information amplified: memory for counterfactual conditionals. Journal of experimental psychology, 102, 44-49.
Fillenbaum, S. (1978).
Folega, S. (2012). Why English grammar is important.http://www.howtolearnenglish.co.uk.
Frosch, C. A., & Byrne, R. M.J. (2005). Paraphrases of counterfactual and casual conditionals. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/228709609.
Gavanski, I., & Wells, G. L. (1989). Counterfactual processing of normal and exceptional events. Journal of experimental social psychology, 25, 314- 325.
Goodman, N. (1983). Fact, fiction, & forecast. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: Harvard university press.
Hajek, A. (2002). Counterfactual reasoning (philosophical aspects)- quantitative. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2872-2874.
Johnson- Larid, P. N. (1994). Mental models and probabilistic thinking. Cognition, 50, 189-209.
Johnson- Larid, P. N. (1995). Mental model: mental models, deductive reasoning, and the brain. The cognitive neurosciences, 65, 999-1008
Johnson- Larid, P. N. (1999). Deductive reasoning. Annu. Rev. Psychol, 50, 109-135.
Johnson- Larid, P. N. (2001). Mental models and deduction. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5, 434-442.
Johnson- Larid, P. N. & Byrne,R. M. J. (2002). Conditionals: A theory of meaning, pragmatics, and inference. Psychological Review, 109, 646-678.
Johnson- Larid, P. N., Byrne,R. M. J., & Schaeken, W. (1992). Propositional reasoning by model. Psychological Review, 99, 418- 439.
Johnson- Larid, P. N., Byrne,R. M. J., & Schaeken,W. (1994). Why models rather than rules give a better account of propositional reasoning: a reply to Bonatti and to O'Brien, Braine, and Yang. Psychological Review, 101, 734-739.
Schechter, J. (2013). Deductive reasoning. Forthcoming in the encyclopedia of the mind.
Stalnaker, R. (1968). A theory of conditionals. In N. Recher (Ed), Studies in logical theory. Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell.
Thompson, V. A. (1994). Interpretational factors in conditional reasoning. Memory & cognition, 22, 742- 758.
Thompson, V. A., & Byrne, R. M. J. (2002). Reasoning counterfactually: making inferences about things that didn’t happen. Journal ofexperimentalpsychology, 28, 1154- 1170.
Urrutia, M., de Vega, M. & Basitiaansen, M. (2012). Understanding counterfactuals in discourse modulates ERP and oscillatory gamma rhythms in the EEG. Brain research, 1455, 40-55.
Wong, E. M. (2010). It could have been better: the effects of counterfactual communication on impression formation. European journal of social psychology, 40, 1251- 1260.
Wason, P. C. (1966). Reasoning. In Foss, B. M. New horizons in psychology 1. Harmondsworth: Penguin.