Women Characteristics in the “Fire without Smoke” Novel with Emphasis on Humanistic Psychology Theories

Subject Areas : Persian the literature

Zeyanab Barzegar ¹ ( Ph.D. student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University Of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. )
Khodabakhsh Asadollahi ² ( Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University Of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. )

Received: 2023-05-21 Accepted : 2023-07-19 Published : 2023-09-23

Keywords: Fire without Smoke, Women characteristics, Humanistic psychology,

Abstract :

The aim of the current research was to examine the women characteristics in the “Fire without Smoke” novel with emphasis on the humanistic psychology theories. The statistical universe encased all the “Fire without Smoke” novel text. The sample of the research enfolded the women characteristics in the mentioned novel. the research method was analytical-descriptive. And the two models of Frankel's logo-therapy and Rogers' fully functioning were utilized to psychologically examine the women characteristics in the “Fire Without Smoke” novel. The data were gathered via library method. The findings of the research showed that women played roles, in the form of different characters such as wife, mother, doctor, university professor, and writer in the novel “Fire Without Smoke”, and they had a significant impact on the culture of society during the Pahlavi era. The will to freedom and challenging the banal dominating culture were the distinct women characteristics in the novel that were manifested in cases such as literacy teaching- learning, the right to choose in marriage, equality and equality with men had appeared. The culture that governed the lives of women in the “Fire Without Smoke” novel had been formed in a bed of suffering. The personality traits such as the achievement motive and to overcome social limitations, love and excellence were the prominent manifestations of the resistance culture in the lives of the suffering women of this novel. It could be concluded that the women in the “Fire Without Smoke” novel were influential in the formation of their character and destiny, family and society, and they were one of the important foundations of the cultural developments mentioned in this novel.

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