Effect of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) Densities on Yield and Yield Components of Cotton

Subject Areas : Semi Annual Journal of Weed Ecology

Seyed Ahmad Hosseini ¹ ( استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان )
Mojtaba Velayati ² ( کارشناس ارشد علف‌های هرز دانشگاه بیرجند )
Mahmoud Attarzadeh ³ ( کارشناس ارشد زراعت دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان )

Received: 2012-02-20 Accepted : 2013-10-22 Published : 2014-02-20

Keywords:

Abstract :

In order to evaluate the effect of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) densities on yield and yield components of cotton, a field experiment was conducted in the Agricultural Research station in Birjand University, Iran. A factorial experiment was carried out in a complete block design with three replications. Treatments included weed density (0, 6, 9, 12 plants.m-2) and crop density (6, 9, 12 plants.m-2). Three pure stand of common lambsquarter densities (6, 9, 12 plants.m-2) was added to each block. Results indicated that there was a significant decrease in yield and yield components of cotton under weed densities. Six plants.m-2 of weed caused 15% decrease in seed cotton and increase of weed density up to 9 and 12 plants/m2 caused further decrease in seed cotton. These weed densities (6, 9 and 12 plants.m-2) caused 16, 30 and 45% decrease in cotton seeds respectively. Lint yield was decreased 13, 24 and 42% as weed density increased from 6 plants.m-2 to 9 and 12 respectively. In this experiment, increasing cotton density was able to soften the negative impact of increasing weed density. Increasing crop density can be utilized effectively to minimize cotton yield reduction due to weed interference.

References:

- رستگار، م. 1384. زراعت گیاهان صنعتی. انتشارات برهمند.

2- عزیزپور، ک.، ه. آلیاری، م. شکیبا، م. مقدم، ن. نعمتی و ع. اسفندیاری. 1384. اثرات تراکم بوته بر روی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک وعملکرد دو رقم پنبه در ورامین. مجله دانش کشاورزی.15: 151-131.

3- قجری، ع.، س. گالشی و ا. زینلی. 1381. تاثیر تراکم بوته بر ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی سه رقم پنبه. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 2: 74- 57.

4- ناصری، ف.1374. پنبه (ترجمه). انتشارات آستان قدس رضوی.

5- Bailey, W.A., J.W. Wilcut and S.D. Askew. 1999. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference and seed production dynamics in cotton. Weed Sci. 51:94-101.

Bednarz, C.W., D.C. Bridges and S.M. Brown. 2000. 6-Analysis of yield stability across population densities. Agron. J. 92:128–135.

Bednarz, C.W., W.D. Shurley, W. Stanley Anthony and R. 7-L. Nichols. 2005. Yield, quality, and profitability of cotton produced at varying plant densities. Agron. J. 97:235–240.

8- Buhler, D., D.M. Liebman and J.J. Obrycki. 2000. Theoretical and practical challenges to an IPM approach to weed management. Weed Sci. 48:274-280.

9- Conn, J.S. and R.E. Deck. 1995. Seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 9.7 years of burial in Alaska. Weed Sci. 43:583–585.

10- Dong, H.Z., W.J.Li. Tang, W. Li and Z.H. Zhang. 2005. Effects of planting system, plant density and flower removal on yield and quality of hybrid seed in cotton. Field Crops Res. 93.74–84.

11- Dong, H.Z., W.J.Li. Tang, W. Li and Z.H. Zhang. 2006. Yield, quality and leaf senescence of cotton grown at varying planting dates and plant densities in the Yellow River Valley of China. Field Crops Res. 98.106–115.

12- Fischer, W.D., R.G. Harvey, T. Bauman, S. Hart, J. Kelles, P. Westrsa and J. Lindquist. 2004. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference with corn across the north central United States. Weed Sci. 52: 1034-1038.

13- Fowler, J.L. and L.L. Ray. 1977. Response of two cotton genotypes to five equidistant spacing patterns. Agron. J. 69: 733-738.

14- Heitholt, J.J. 1995. Cotton flowering and boll retention in different planting configurations and leaf shapes. Agron. J. 87:994–998.

15- Holm, L.G., D.L. Pluchett, J.V. Pancho and J.P. Herberger. 1977. The world’s worst weeds (distribution and biology). Honolulu, HI: University Press of Hawaii. pp. 84–91.

16- Jones, M.A. and R. Wells. 1997. Dry matter allocation and fruiting patterns of cotton grown at two divergent plant populations. Crop Sci. 37:797–802.

17- Kerby, T.A. and D.R. Buxton. 1981. Competition between adjacent fruiting forms in cotton. Agron. J. 73: 867-871.

18- Leon, C.T., D.R. Shaw, L.M. Bruce and C. Watson. 2003. Effect of purple (Cyperusrotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyprus esculentus) on growth and reflectance characteristics of cotton and soybean. Weed Sci. 51:557–564.

19- Molin, W.T., J.A. Hugie, H.H. Ratnayaka and T.M. Sterling. 2006. Spurred anoda (Anoda cristata) competition in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense) management systems. Weed Sci. 54:651–657.

20- Rowland, M.W., D.S. Murray and L.M. Verhalen. 1999. Full-season Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 47:305–309.

21- Smith, D.T., R.V. Baker and G.L. Steele. 2000. Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Impacts on yield, harvesting, and ginning in dryland cotton (Goosypium hirsutum). Weed Tech. 14: 122-126.

22- Wood, M.L., D.S. Murray, R.B. Westerman and P.L. Claypool. 1999. Full-season interference of Ipomoea hederaceae with Gossypium hirsutum. Weed Sci. 47:693–696.