The Biology of Berry and Seeds of Ground Cherry (Physalis divaricata L.)

Subject Areas : Semi Annual Journal of Weed Ecology

Jamshid  Nazari Alam ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشگاه لرستان)
Abdoreza  Ahmadi ² (استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان)
Seyed Karim  Mousavi ³ (دانشجوی دکترای علفهای هرز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد و عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان)
Hamid  Rahimian Mashhadi ⁴ (استاد دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران)
Majid  Javadi ⁵ (کارشناس مدیریت حفظ نباتات سازمان جهاد کشاورزی لرستان)
Fatemeh  Rashidian ⁶ (دانشجوی کارشناسی زراعت و اصلاح نباتات لرستان)

Received: 2012-06-17 Accepted : 2014-05-05 Published : 2015-02-20

Keywords:

Abstract :

  The mortality rate of ground cherry seed (Physalis divaricata L.) was examined at three different depths (0-10-30 cm) of soil and the biology of their berries was studied after shattering in a field for one year in Alashtar in Lorestan province. The type of experiments was completely randomized design. The viability of seeds within berries was conducted from early formation to completely ripe berry fruits; the emergence method of seedling was studied. The results showed that the berries are formed in late June but seeds within the fruits showed viability 4 weeks later, with 80 percent seed germination. Seeds at depths the 10-30 cm had the least mortality rate, with 98 percent germination, seeds on surface soil showed the most mortality rate, with 86 percent germination after one year. After shedding the berries, a great portion of water was absorbed by them, they were cracked in January, the berries decomposed in March and dispersed completely during April and seeds were shattered. The biology of the germination showed that from each berry under wheat canopy emerged more than 35 seedlings as cluster but after harvesting the wheat, the emergence rate exceeded than 70 germinated seeds per berry.

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