Determination of Population Indices and Distribution Map of Weeds in Rainfed Wheat Fields of Kermanshah Province

Subject Areas : Semi Annual Journal of Weed Ecology

Mozhgan Veisi ¹ , Mahdi Minbashi ² , Peyman Sabeti ³ , Abdolreza Mohammadi ⁴

1 - محقق مرکز تحقیقات و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه و دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف‌های هرز دانشگاه تهران
2 - استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، تهران، ایران
3 - محقق، مرکز تحقیقات و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه
4 - کارشناس ارشد سازمان جهاد کشاورزی کرمانشاه

Received: 2011-12-18 Accepted : 2013-09-07 Published : 2013-08-23

Keywords:

Abstract :

In order to identify and determine weeds distribution in rainfed wheat fields of Kermanshah province, 58 fields in 7 counties were investgated during 2001 and 2009. After weed survey the charsterictics of weed species were evaluated. Then density, frequency, uniformity, mean density, abundance index, Shannon- Weaver diversity index and Simpson index were determined. In  rainfed wheat fields of Kermakshah province 91 weed species were identified out of which 15 species belong to grass weed and 53 species belong to broadleaf weed. Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae and  Rubiaceae were the most important families with, 57, 35.5, 34.6 and 18 percent of FIV, respectively. Based on the result of this study Galium tricornatum, Vicia hyrcanica, Vaccaria pyramidata and Anthemis cotula were the dominant broadleaved weeds. Avena ludoviciana, Hordeum spontaneum and Bromus tectorum were the most important grass weeds. In addition the most important troubeling preharvest weeds were Convolvulus arvensis, Carthamus oxyacanthus and Glycyrrhiza glabra in rainfed wheat  fields. Shannon-Weaver diversity index showed the highest species diversity were in Kermanshah with 2.67 and the lowest species diversity in Songhor and Sarpolezohab were with 1.8 and 1.9, respectively.

References:

1- Andreasen, C., M. Rudemo and S. Sevestre. 1997. Assessment of weed density at an early stage by use of image processing. Weed Res. S. 37: 5-18

2- Bakhshi, B., M.J. Aghai, M.R. Bihamta, F.D. Kajoori, Sh. Vaezi. 2008. Diversity and geographical distribution of Aegilops cylindrical in Iran. Proceedings of the 2^nd National Weed Science Congress. 2: 58-64 (In persisn)

3- Booth, B.D., S.D. Murphy and C.J. Swanton. 2003. Weed ecology in natural and agricultural systems. CABI Publishing. 303 p.

4- Colbach, N., F. Forcella and G.A. Johnson. 2000. Spatial and temporal stability of weed population over five years. Weed Sci. 48: 366-377

5- Falah Mehrjerdi, H. and S.M. Mirvakili. 2010. Identification of wheat (Triticum aestivum) fields weeds after harvesting in Yazd province. Proceedings of the 3^rd National Weed Sci Congress (In persisn)

6- Gherekhloo, J. and E. Zand. 2010. A short review on conducted herbicide-resistance researches in Iran. Proceeding of 11^th congress of Agronomy and breeding sciences. 24-26july.110-125. (In persisn)

7- Hasannejad, S., H. Alizadeh, V. Mozaffarian, M.R. Chayichi, M. Minbashi. 2010. Survey of density and abundance for barley fields weeds in Azarbayjan-e- sharghi province. 5: 69-90. (In persisn)

8- Liebman, M. and T. Ohno. 1998. Crop rotation and legume residue effects on weed emergence and growth: Applications for weed management. In: Hatfield, J.L D.D. Buhler and B.A. Stewart (Eds.). Integrated Weed and Soil Management. 181–222 pp.

9- Mahn, E.G. and K. Helmecke. 1979. Effects of herbicide treatments on the structure and functioning of agro-ecosystems II. Structural changes in the plant community after the application of herbicides over several years. Agro-Ecosystems 5: 159–179.

10- Memon, R.A. 2004. Weed flora composition  of wheat and cotton crops in district Khairpur, Sindh. ShahAbdulLatifUniversity Khairpur. PhD thesis. 308pp

11- Mesdaghi, M. 2005. Plant Ecology. University of Mashhad Publishing. 187 pp. (In Persian).

12- Minbashi, M., M.A. Baghestanii and H. Rahimian. 2008. Introducing abundance index for assessing weed flora in survey studies. Weed Biol. Manage. 8: 172-180.

13- Morshedi, A., M. Montazeri, M. Minbashi, J. Morshedi. 2008. Identification and distribution map of weeds in dryland wheat in Shirvan-Chardavol(Ilam) using GIS and their effect on crop loss at cold and sub-tropic areas. Proceedings of the 2^nd National Weed Sci Congress. 2: 58-64 (In persian)

14- Narimani, V., M. Minbashi, M. Mohammadi pour. 2010. Evaluation and determination of dominance of weeds with quauantitative characteristics dry farming wheat field in East Azarbaijan of Iran.  Proceedings of the 3^rd National Weed Sci Congress. 1:2-5(In persisn)

15- Shannon, C.E. and W. Weaver. 1963. The Mathematical Theory of Communication.

Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press Urbana.

16- Simpson, E.H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature. 163:688.

17- Thomas, A.G. 1991. Floristic composition and relative abundance of weeds in annual crops of Manitoba. Can. J. Plant Sci. 71: 831-839

18- Thompson, J.F., J.V. Siafford and P.C.H. Miller. 1991. Potential for automatic weed detection and selective herbicide application . Crop Prot. 10: 254-259

19- Uddin, K.M., A.S. Juraimi, M. Begum, M.R. Ismail, A.A. Rahim and R. Othman. 2009. Floristic composition of weed community in turf grass area of west peninsular Malaysia. Int. J. Agric. Biol.11: 13–20