Effect of Chilling, Temperatures and Light Treatments on Seed Germination of Some Weed Species

Subject Areas : Semi Annual Journal of Weed Ecology

marziyeh mazhari ¹ (کارشناس ارشد اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد)
Mahmoud Reza Tadayon ² (دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد)
Ali Tadayon ³ (دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد)

Received: 2014-02-22 Accepted : 2017-01-31 Published : 2015-08-23

Keywords:

Abstract :

In order to evaluate the effect of chillingstratification, rotational temperature and rotational light periods on breaking dormancy and seed germination of Aegilops cylindrica, Agropyron repens,Bromus dantnoniae,Convolvulus arvensis, Setaria viridis, Centaurea cyanus and Cynodon dactylonan experiment was carried out in factorial arrangment and RCBD design at Shahrekord University. Treatments includedchillingstratification of -5, 0 and 5 °C for one, two and three weeks of rotational temperature (5-15 and 10-20 °C), in full light, dark and rotational light periods (8/16 h). The results showed chilling stratification was efffective breaking the seed dormancy of Aegilops cylindrical, Agropyron repens,Bromus dantoniae,Convolvula arvensis, Setaria viridis and rotational temperature and light broke the seed dormancy on Centurea cyanus, Cynodon dactylon and Convolvula arvensis

References:

.    اعلایی، م.، ر. نادری، ا. خلیقی و س.ع. سلامی. 1384. اثر تیمارهای محیطی مختلف بر جوانه­‌زنی بذر سیکلامن ایرانی (Cyclamen persicum mill). مجله پژوهش و سازندگی در زراعت و باغبانی، 67 (3): 36 تا 43.

2.  افغانی، ف. و و. اسلامی. 1390 اثر شرایط محیطی بر جوانه‌زنی و ذخیره‌سازی بذر ازمک در خاک مجله علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران، 42 (2): 265 تا 274.

3.   آل ابراهیم، م. ت. م. ح. راشد محصل، ف. میقانی. و م. ع.  باغستانی. 1389. بررسی روش­‌های مختلف شکست خواب و دمای بهینه جوانه‌­زنی بذر علف هرز تلخه. نشریه حفاظت گیاهان (علوم و صنایع کشاورزی)، 24 (2): 391 تا 397.

4.  پورطوسی، ن.، م.ح. راشد محصل. و ا. ایزدی دربندی 1387. تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذرهای خرفه، سلمه و علف خرچنگ. مجله پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران، 6 (2): 255تا261

5.  حسینی، م. و م.ح. حداد خداپرست. 1376. اثر عوامل محیطی بر جوانه‌­زنی گیاه نوروزک در شرایط آزمایشگاهی. پژوهش و سازندگی،37 (4): 42 تا 45.

6.  محمودزاده، ا.، م. نوجوان و ز. باقری. 1384 اثر تیمارهای مختلف در شکستن خواب و جوانه‌­زنی تاتوره (DaturastramoniumL.). زیست‌شناسی ایران، 18(4): 341 تا 349.

7.   Baskin, J.M. and C.C. Baskin.  2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 14: 1-16.

8.   Baskin, C.C., P., Milberg, L. Andersson and J.M. Baskin. 2000. Deep complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of (Anthriscus sylvestris) (Apiaceae). Flora. 195: 245-251.

9.   Baskin, C.C., P. Milberg., L. Andersson and J.M. Baskin. 2001. Seed dormancy breaking and germination requirements of Drosera anglica an insectivorous species of the Northern Hemisphere. Acta Oecol. 22: 1-8.

10. Benech-Arnold, R.L., R.A. Sanchez, F. Forcella, C.B. Kruk and C.M. Ghersa. 2000. Environmental control of dormacy in weed seed banks in soil. Field Crops Res, 67:105-122.

11. Bewley, J.D. and M. Black. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of development and germination. 2nd ed. New York: Plennum, Pp. 273-290.

12. Biswas, P.K., P.D. Bell, J.L. Caryton and K.B. Paul. 1975. Germination behavior of Florida purseley seeds. Ι. Effects of storage, light, temperature and planting depth on germination. Weed Sci. 23: 400-404.

13. Bradford, K.J. 2002. Application of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sci. 50:248-260.

14. Dogan, Y.A. 2001. Syudy on the outecology of Reseda lutea L. (Resedaceae) distributed in western Anatolia. Turk. J. Bot. 25:137-148.

15. El-Dengawy, E.F.A. 2005. Promotion of seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of loaquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl) by moist-chilling and GA3 applications. Sci. Hortic. 105: 331-342.

16. Fenner, M. and K. Thompson. 2005. The Ecology of Seeds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

17. Forcella, F., R.G. Wilson, K. Renner, A.J. Dekker, R.G. Harvey, D.A. Alm, D.D. Buhler and J. Cardina. 1992. Weed seedbanks of the U.S. Corn Belt: magnitude, variation, emergence, and application. Weed Sci. 40: 636-644.

18. Jain, R. and M. Singh. 1989. Factors affecting goatweed (Scoparia dulcis) seed germination. Weed Sci. 37: 766-770.

19. Kallson, L.M. and P. Milberg. 2007. Seed dormancy pattern and germination preferences of the South African annual Papaver aculeatum. S. Afr. J. Bot. 73: 422-428.

20. Kamaha C. and J.D. Maguire. 1992. Effect of temperature on germination of six winter wheat cultivars. Seed Sci Techol. 20: 181-185.

21. Larney, F.J. and R.E. Blackshaw. 2003. Weed seed viability composted beef cattle feedlot manure. J. Environ. Qual. 32: 1105-1113.

22. Mcchia, M., L.G. Angelini and L.Ceccarini. 2001. Methods to overcom seed dormancy in Echinacea angustifolia. Sci Hort. 89: 317-324.

23. Nadjafi, M., M. Bannyan, L. Tabrizi and M. Rastgoo. .2006. Seed germination and dormancy breaking techniques for Ferula gammusa and Teucrium polium. J. Arid Environ. 64: 542-547.

24. Nandula, V.K., T.W. Eubank, D.H. Poston, C.H. Koger and K.N. Reddy. 2006. Factors affecting germination of horseweed (Conyza Canadensis). Weed Sci. 54: 898-902.

25. Nishimoto, R.K. and L.B. Mccarty. 1997. Flactuating temperature and light influence seed germination of goosegrass (Eleusine indica). Weed Sci. 45: 426-429.

26. O^’ Reilly, C. and N. De Atrip. 2007. Seed moisture content during chilling and heat stress effects after chilling the germination of common Alder and Downy birch seed. Silva Feen. 41(2):235-246

27. Qadir, M. and J.D. Oster. 2003. Crop and irrigation management strategies for saline-sodic soilsand waters aimed at environmentally sustainable agriculture. Sci. Total Environ. 323: 1–19.

28. Yamauchi, Y., M. Ogawa, A. Kuwahara, A. Hanada, Y. Kamiya and S. Yamaguchi .2004. Activation of gibberllin biosynthesis and response pathways by low temperature during imbibitions of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. 16: 367-378.

29. Zhou, J., E. Deckard. and W.H. Ahrens. 2005. Factor affecting germination of hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) seeds. Weed Sci. 53: 41-45.