Mystical Study of Ethics and the Four Human Relations in Hadiqah al-Haqiqah and Mantiq al-Tair

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Hojjatollah Kamari Raad ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران.)
reza borzooiy ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran)
Sharareh Elhami ³ (استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران.)
Roghayyeh Alavi ⁴ (استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران.)

Received: 2023-12-22 Accepted : 2023-12-22 Published : 2023-12-22

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Abstract :

Throughout the historical course of human education, his relationship with God, himself, others and nature has also been considered as a precondition for intellectual development and moral character. The poetic texts of Persian literature are full of moral concepts and high educational values, of which two precious works of mystical literature, namely Hadiqah al-Haqiqah of Sana’ei and Mantiq al-Tair of Attar, are considered. In the present article, we have examined ethics and the four human relations in these two works. The research method is library and the type of research is descriptive-analytical. The result obtained from the research is that human communication based on the unity of existence in the logic of bird is more obvious and more than the hadith; This issue goes back to the nature of these two works.In Sana’ei’s hadith, man's relationship with God is based more on the "ontological" and "God-servant" relationship, which results in the atmosphere of fear (of divine punishment in doing one's duty) and abandonment of property, more on man's relationship with God. May God be steadfast in the relationship between the lover and the beloved, which is evident in Attar's Mantiq al-Tair. In Mantiq al-Tair, the connection that he achieves through love with his beloved is such that he connects him with all the universes, with all that is beyond the universe, and with all that is thought to be superior to the universe.