Optimal allocation of electric vehicle charging parking lots in the distribution system with reliability evaluation

Subject Areas : Multimedia Processing, Communications Systems, Intelligent Systems

Mohammadreza Fadavi Amiri ¹ , Yaser Barari ²

1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Shomal University, Amol, Iran
2 - MSc, Electrical Engineering, Aryan Institute of Science & Technology, Babol, Iran

Received: 2024-04-08 Accepted : 2024-05-27 Published : 2024-06-21

Keywords: Charging parking, parking placement, electric vehicle, reliability, mixed integer linear programming (MILP),

Abstract :

Introduction: The increase in the number of PEVs in recent years requires solving the challenges related to them, such as providing charging and discharging infrastructure and managing load changes caused by charging cars on the distribution network. PEVs spend a significant amount of time in the parking mode. Therefore, the use of electric energy stored in PEVs batteries using the vehicle-to-grid capability plays a significant role in solving the challenges of the distribution network in the coming years. Charging parked PEVs during off-peak periods and discharging them during peak times is an interactive strategy between electric vehicles and the distribution network in order to improve or solve challenges. As a result of these mutual effects, in the planning and management of the charging of these PEVs, the indicators of the distribution network such as energy losses, voltage profile, reliability are always considered. Therefore, it is very important to allocate a suitable PL based on technical and economic issues. Reducing the unsupplied energy in the distribution network, by using the energy stored in the batteries of PEVs, increases the reliability of the network.

Method: In this research, a model based on mixed-integer linear programming is proposed to determine optimal location and capacity of PEV’s parking lots with the aim of maximizing the profit of PL owners Also, a method for measuring the reliability of the distribution network has been proposed. In the proposed model, the goals of trips, the number of PEVs and their arrival and departure times in different areas, based on the type of trip, are taken into account. The constraints of the distribution network are also taken into account using linearized equations for distribution power flow. The suggested model has been implemented in a distribution system with 37 buses, which includes four different areas in terms of the type of vehicle travel.

Results: The results show the effectiveness of the proposed model for locating electric vehicle’s PLs and measuring the reliability of the network.

Discussion: Three case studies were evaluated in this paper. In the first case study, the state of losses and the reliability of the network under test, along with verification, have been checked before the parking lot is set up; In the second case study, the primary goal of the presented model is to maximize the profit of the parking lot investor, and in this case, the maximum profit that can be obtained is calculated as 3.735 million dollars, and also in the second step, the reliability of the network is measured under The study found that the parking lots in the system were effective in increasing the reliability of the network by 1.4%. In the third case study, it has been determined that moving the location of the parking lots can have a positive effect on the reliability of the network.

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