Spatial distribution of (Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu and Co)in the Surface (Superficial) Soil of Hamadan county with Geostatistic & GIS

Subject Areas : Water and Environment

parisa  Farzaneh ¹ (MSc Student in environmental Pollution major, Basic Sciences School , Tehran Sciences and researches azad university)
ali reza  Soffianian ² (Assistant. Prof.s. Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran)
faramarz  Moattar ³ (Environment Department Professor, Basic Sciences school, Tehran Sciences and researches azad university)

Received: 2011-04-16 Accepted : 2012-02-04 Published : 2011-12-22

Keywords: spatial distribution, geostatistics, Heavy Metals, geographical information syste, Hamadan county,

Abstract :

Introduction: Heavy metals are one of the most important soil pollutants. The increased level of them in environment in respect to their stability has led to researchers’ attraction at recent decades. the principal goal of present study  is to  determine the spatial distribution of heavy metals  (Ni, Cr,  Pb, Cu and Co) in surface soil of Hamadan county. Material and methods: For this Sampling was carried out based on systematic method from depth 0-20cm. heavy metals concentration and soil characteristics including PH, silt,clay and sand percentage were measured. Interpolation for  heavy metals levels concentrations were done by geo-statistics methods . Different elements were interpolated through Radial basic function(RBF), Ordinary and Disjunctive Kriging and inverse distance weighting .The method accuracies were compared by using mean absolute error and mean bayas error. Results: for heavy metal concentration maps, Cr,Co and Pb, we used (RBF),for Cu inverse distance weighting(IDW),for Ni  ordinary kriging with exponential model. Overplaying heavy metals distribution maps with geology and land use maps showed that Cr, Co and Ni have geological origin, The highest levels of Lead concentration is controlled by geological formation, agricultural activities and also urban pollution. Cu have originated from bed rock. But, excessive consumption of chemical fertilizers according to agricultural activities can increase most of these elements in soil.

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