The network analysis of the factors affecting the trend of environmental pollution caused by tourism (case study: Qeshm Island)
Subject Areas : Environmental pollutions (water, soil and air)Ardeshir Shayesteh 1 , Mohsen Dehghani Ghanatghestani 2 , Mehdi Jabbarzadeh 3 , hananeh mohammadicangarani 4 , Lobat Taghavi 5
1 - Ph.D. Student of Environment Pollutions, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Qeshm International Branch, Islamic Azad University.
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Qeshm International Branch, Islamic Azad University. *(Corresponding Author)
3 - faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Qeshm branch.
4 - Associate Professor of Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources.
5 - Associate Professor, Department of Environment Pollutions, Science and research branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran.
Keywords: Environmental Pollution, tourism, Network analysis, Participation, Qeshm Island,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Tourism is an activity that has a high growth in recent decades all over the world, but at the same time, it is one of the main threats to the environment. In other words, tourism has both positive and negative effects. Therefore, Tourism development has many negative effects on the environment over time, if it is not based on environmental attitudes and development sustainability. So, many conflicts regarding environmental protection are the result of the tourism industry. The Qeshm Island is one of the most important economic tourism destinations in Hormozgan Province, which has the most tourist attractions. But one of the management issues raised in this island is why the efforts of individuals and organizations have not achieved significant success in reducing environmental pollution caused by the development of the tourism industry in Qeshm Island.
Material and Methodology: the present study seeks to study the most important factors influencing the trend of environmental pollution caused by tourism on Qeshm Island. For this purpose, the network analysis approach was used to analyze the influencing factors in the process of environmental pollution in Qeshm Island. Network analysis approach is a new approach in solving multi-dimensional and intertwined management problems, which helps to analyze problems by using questionnaire tools and Ucinet and Netdraw software. In other words, first by designing a questionnaire, the data needed for the research was collected and analyzed from 72 questionnaires. The questions of the questionnaire are: 1) How important are each of the following factors in the process of environmental pollution in Qeshm Island? And 2) determine the extent of the impact of the behavior and treatment of tourist citizens and the participation and cooperation of organizations and executive bodies active in tourism in reducing pollution and spreading environmental pollutants?
Findings: The results showed that out of 10 factors, two factors are the most important in the process of environmental pollution. 1) the executive bodies and organizations in the field of tourism with a centrality of 69 degrees and intermediate centrality of 305/882 and 2) the methods of preventing destruction, destruction and pollution of the environment with the centrality of 69 degrees and respectively the intermediate centrality of 304/536.
Discussion and Conclusion: In fact, the result of this study reflects the fact that the tourism management and environmental management require the cooperation and coordination of many governmental and non-governmental organizations and actors. This means that the implementation of environmental programs is not possible without the development and improvement of the level of cooperation and participation between institutions. Also, wherever this cooperation takes place, there are significant effects on improving the environment.
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