Ecological Model of Ecotourism Development in Hormuz Island with Emphasis on the Sustainable Development
Subject Areas :
Environmental managment
Panteha Namdari
1
,
Akramolmolok Lahijanian
2
,
Mohsen Dehghani Ghanatghestani
3
,
Mohammad Seddiq Mortazavi
4
1 - Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor of, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
4 - Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecological Research Institute, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute,Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran.
Received: 2022-01-09
Accepted : 2022-07-11
Published : 2022-03-21
Keywords:
Hormoz Island,
Ecological Model of Ecotourism,
Persian Gulf,
Sustainable development,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: One of the most important steps in managing and planning for ecotourism development is having sufficient knowledge of the environment of that area. The present study was conducted on the island of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, which has unique natural attractions. The aim is to determine the appropriate ecological model and zones for the development of ecotourism in Hormuz Island according to the principles of sustainable development.Material and Methodology: In this research, technique (SWOT), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) have been used. First, the SWOT technique showed the current state of the island's tourism in a competitive environment, then, 5 criteria and 16 sub-criteria were selected by regional tourism experts to evaluate the ecological potential of the island, and after evaluating these criteria by AHP method, the ecological model Was determined And the digital layers related to the criteria and sub-criteria were prepared and integrated in GIS environment, which finally led to the zoning map of Hormuz Island ecotourism criteria in four categories.Findings: Findings indicate that 8 square kilometers of land in Hormoz are in a very suitable floor, 13 square kilometers in a suitable floor, 15 square kilometers in the middle floor and 6 square kilometers of these areas are in a poor floor. These areas include the central, eastern, southern, northern and western areas in order of priority, so the island has a high ecological potential.Discussion and Conclusion: The development of ecotourism on the island of Hormuz, promotes the level of the region's economy and sustainable use of natural resources. These results can serve as a roadmap for managers and other related organizations in the field of tourism and help to create a comprehensive tourism management plan in the region according to the principles of sustainable development.Keywords: Ecological Model of Ecotourism, Sustainable Development, Persian Gulf, Hormoz Island
References:
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1- UNWTO 2017, Sustained growth in international tourism despite challenges, Press release, at: http://www2.unwto.org/press-release/2017-01-17/sustained-growth-international-tourismdespite-challenges.
2- Honey, M., 2008. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? Island Press, Washington, D.C.
3- Selkani, I., 2018. A new way to travel. J. Tourism Hospit. 7 (4). https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0269.1000376.
4- Das, S. (2011). Ecotourism, sustainable development and the Indian state. EPW, XL VI (37).
5- Blangy, S., & Mehta, H. (2006). Ecotourism and ecological restoration. Journal for Nature Conservation, 14(3-4), 233–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2006.05.009.
6- Sayyed, M. R. G., Mansoori, M. S., & Jaybhaye, R. G. (2013). SWOT analysis of Tandooreh National مانَک (NE Iran) for sustainable ecotourism. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 3(4), 296–305.
7- Yazdi, A., Arian, M.A., & Tabari, M., M., R. (2014). Geological and Geotourism Study of Iran Geology Natural Museum, Hormoz Island. Open Journal of Ecology, 4, 703-714. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje. 2014.411060.
8- Zakeri, H. & Habib, F. (2013). Analyzing Factors Affecting Formation of Cultural Landscape in Hormoz Island. Advances in Environmental Biology, 7(6), 988-99.
9- Amrikazemi, A., & Mehrpooya, A. (2006). Geotourism resources of Iran. In Geotourism, D. Newsome, R, Dowling, (Eds.), Elsevier Butterworth- Heinemann, Oxford, UK, pp. 78-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-6215-4.50013-0.
10- Department of Environment (2019). Annually report of achieved and actions in the management of environment in Hormuz Island. Department of Environment. Bandar.Abbas, Iran, 700.
11- Dashti, S., Manouri, S.M., Hosseini, S. M., Riyazi, B., Momeni, M. 2017. Provide Appropriate Criteria for Tourism Industry Planning in Coastal Villages (Case study: Qeshm Island). Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 19 (Special Issue No. 4). 295-307. doi: 10.22034 / jest.2017.10732. (In Persian)
12- Yamani, M., Yousefi, F., Moradi, A., Abbasi, M., Barzkar, M. 2017. Landscaping Using ANP and AHP Models for Tourism Development Case study: Oshnoyeh city. Geographic Information, 26 (102), 19-34. (In Persian)
13- Seyedian, S.A., Yaghoubi, R., Ramezanzadeh Lesboui, M. 2021. Location of Areas Prone to Health Tourism Development in Mazandaran Province by Multi-Criteria Decision Making (AHP) Method and Using Geographic Information System (GIS). Tourism Planning and Development, 10 (36), 170-193. doi: 10.22080 / jtpd.2021.17525.3159. (In Persian)
14- Darban Araste, A., Ferdowsi, S., Shah Mohammadi, H. 2018. Identifying The Most Desirable Points for The Construction of a Maritime Tourism Site Case Study: Tonekabon city. Geographic Information, 27 (106), 229-239. (In Persian)
15- Arabi, S.M. 2006. Strategic Planning Manual. Tehran: Cultural Research Office. (In Persian)
16- Ghaemi, P., Shobiri, S. M., Larijani, M., Rakrak, Behrooz. 2016. Evaluation of Environmental Education Eethods Eased on AHP Eodel. Scientific Quarterly of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development. 4 (3). 33-44. (In Persian)
17- Farajzadeh Asl, M., 2008, GIS and its application in tourism planning, Samat Publications, second edition, Tehran. (In Persian)
18- Saaty, T. L. (1999), Analytical Network Process, RWS Publications, USA, 1996.
19- Bhuiyan, Md, Chamhuri, S., & Mohamad Ismail, S. (2015) Sustainability measurement for ecotourism destination in Malaysia: A study on Lake Kenyir, Terengganu, Social Indicators Research, 128(3). https://doi:10.1007/s11205-015-1068-5.
20- Chang, Y. C., & Wu, C. H. (2014) Evaluation indicators for coastal ecotourism based on Fuzzy Delphi method, Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Engineering, 60(2), 10-20. https://doi: 10.20944/preprints 0199.v1.
21- Lerkplien, W., Rodhetbhai, C., & Keeratiboorana, Y. (2013). The Management Style of Cultural Tourism in the Ancient Monuments of Lower Central Thailand. Asian Social Science, 9(13). https://doi.10.5539/ass.v9n13p112
22- Sariisik, M., Turkay, O., & Akova, O. (2011). How to manage yacht tourism in Turkey: A swot analysis and related strategies. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 1014–1025. https://org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.041.
23- Snyman, S. (2014). Assessment of the main factors impacting community members’ attitudes towards tourism and protected areas in six southern African countries. Koedoe, 56(2). https://org/10.4102/koedoe.v56i2.1139.
