Principles and strategies of landscape design of primary schools based on improving adaptive behavior

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanism

maryamsadat  razavipour ¹ (PHD candidate in architecture, Faculty of Art, Architecture and urban planning, Islamic Azad university (Najafabad Branch), Isfahan, Iran.)
farhang  mozafar ² (Associate professor, Faculty of Art, Architecture and urban planning, Islamic Azad university, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, Iran, (Faculty of Architecture and urban planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran). *(Corresponding Authors))
zeinab  talebi ³ (Assistant professor, Faculty of Art, Architecture and urban planning, Islamic Azad university (Najafabad Branch), Isfahan, Iran.)

Received: 2021-03-09 Accepted : 2022-05-10 Published : 2023-04-21

Keywords: children with intellectual disability, adaptive behavior, Landscape Design, Exceptional schools,

Abstract :

Background & Objective: Exceptional schools which accept children with special educational needs, including children with intellectual disabilities, should regard educational goals and meet their specific physical and mental needs in school building design .one of the most important one is improving adaptive skills. This study seeks to find criteria for landscape design of exceptional schools, in order to prepare children with intellectual disability for independent living, by improving their adaptive skills. Material and Methodology:The method used in this research is qualitative-quantitative and is based on Delphi type of exploratory research  .Correlation test and multiple linear regression was used to test the research hypotheses. Based on the aims and hypotheses of the research, architectural solutions were asked from the architects and after achieving the most important strategies, in order to ensure the accuracy of the data, a survey was conducted and teachers in special schools were asked if the solutions improve adaptive skills. Findings: design of simulated spaces with community, home-like school environment, accessibility, participatory spaces, paly ful spaces, attention to the color, form, material are the principles should be regarded in landscape design of special schools. Discussion and conclusion: Regarding these principles, provide such an environment which encourage participation and communication, direct connection with nature, sensory stimulating by color, music, texture, and the possibility of group games and as the result of the activities occur, adaptive skills will increased.

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