Enhancement of Tripod-Beta Model to Analyze Accidents based on Human Factors Engineering (Case Study: Esfahan’s Mobarakeh Steel Company)
Subject Areas :
HSE Management
Hanieh Nikoomaram
1
,
Hossein Modaresifar
2
,
Javad Kiani
3
,
Mohsen Shanoofi
4
1 - Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. * (Corresponding Author)
2 - Health, Safety and Environment Manager, Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company, Esfahan, Iran.
3 - HSE MSc Graduate, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 - HSE MSc Graduate, Department of HSE Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Received: 2019-10-09
Accepted : 2019-11-27
Published : 2022-04-21
Keywords:
accident analysis,
Human Error,
Tripod-Beta,
TRACEr,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Industrial and occupational accidents mostly have adverse consequences. Analyzing the accidents to identify how and why they happened has been one of the key subjects in safety engineering. Tripod-Beta model is one of the most widely-used models for accidents investigation, which step by step identifies the causes of accidents occurrence. However, the role of human factors, as one of the most important causes of accidents, has not noticeably been addressed in this model. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to enhance Tripod-Beta model based on human factors engineering.
Material and Methodology: In this research, Tripod-Beta model has been enhanced applying TRACEr in a way that the improved model is able to identify and analyze the human errors involved in accidents occurrence in terms of four elements: external error modes, internal error modes, psychological error mechanisms and performance shaping factors. The new model was then applied to investigate some of the accidents happened in Esfahan’s Mobarakeh Steel Company.
Findings: In the enhanced model, two tables of “external-based human error” including 5 preconditions and 11 underlying causes, and “internal-based human error” including 7 preconditions and 11 underlying causes have been added to the primary model. Also, one group named “human factors” has been incorporated into the basic risk factors of the old model.
Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the applicability of the new model to investigate the selected accidents, the meaningfulness of the results of the accidents analyses, and also the capability of the model in identifying the accidents causes related to human factors, this can be inferred that the enhanced model has the appropriate validity.
References:
Malek, M., Mohammadi, S., Aghilinejad, M., Attarchi, M.S., Rahimpour, F., Alizadeh, S., 2011. Assessment of occupational accidents pattern in Iranian miners. Occupational Medicine, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 28-33.
Gashtasebi, E., Givehchi, S., Nasrabadi, M., 2016. Analysis of gas leak events through the combination of Tripod Beta and RCA methods (Case study: Fifth Refinery of South Pars Gas Complex). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 851-863.
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Ahmadi, O., Mortazavi, S.B., Khavanin, A., 2017. Selection of the optimal method for analysis of accidents in petroleum industry using fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS multi–criteria decision methods. Iran Occupational Health, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.166-180. (In Persian)
Mohammadfam, I., Nikoomaram, H., Hosseinzadeh Lotfi, F., Mansouri, N., Rajabi, A.A., 2014. Development of a decision-making model for selecting and prioritizing accident analysis techniques in process industries. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Vol. 73, No. 8, pp. 517-520.
Qiao, W., Li, X., Liu, Q., 2019. Systemic approaches to incident analysis in coal mines: Comparison of the STAMP, FRAM and “2–4” models. Resources Policy, Vol. 63, e101453.
Yousefi, A., Hernandez, M.R., Peña, V.L., 2019. Systemic accident analysis models: A comparison study between AcciMap, FRAM, and STAMP. Process Safety Progress, Vol. 3, No. 2, e12002.
Alizadeh, F., Taghdisi, M.H., MiriLavasani, S.M.R., 2015. A study of MORT logical tree and Tripod Beta methods in event occurrence causality analysis using hierarchical model. Health and Safety at Work, Vol, 4, No. 4, pp. 39-48. (In Persian)
Mohammadfam, I., Mansouri, N., Nikoomaram, H., Ghasemi, F., 2015. Comparison of commonly used accident analysis techniques for manufacturing industries. International Journal of Occupational Hygiene. Vol. 7, pp. 32-37.
Mohammadfam, I., Mansouri, N., Nikoomaram, H., 2014. Systemic accident analysis methods: A comparison of Tripod-B, RCA and ECFC. Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 327-333.
Salmon, P.M., Cornelissen, M., Trotter, M.J., 2012. Systems-based accident analysis methods: A comparison of Accimap, HFACS, and STAMP. Safety Science, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp.1158-1170.
Lali-Dastjerdi, E., Mohammadfam, I., 2012. Comparison of two techniques of fault tree analysis and Tripod-Beta using the analytic hierarchy process for accidents analysis in a steel-manufacturing industry. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 43-52. (In Persian)
Sklet, S., 2004. Comparison of some selected methods for accident investigation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 111, No. 1-3, pp. 29-37.
Energy Institute (UK). 2015. Guidance on using Tripod Beta in the investigation and analysis of incidents, accidents and business losses.
Reason, J., 2017. The human contribution: unsafe acts, accidents and heroic recoveries. CRC Press.
Rausand M., Høyland A., 2009. System reliability theory: models, statistical methods, and applications. John Wiley & Sons, Second edition.
Shorrock, S.T., Kirwan, B., 2002. Development and application of a human error identification tool for air traffic control. Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 319-336.
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Malek, M., Mohammadi, S., Aghilinejad, M., Attarchi, M.S., Rahimpour, F., Alizadeh, S., 2011. Assessment of occupational accidents pattern in Iranian miners. Occupational Medicine, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 28-33.
Gashtasebi, E., Givehchi, S., Nasrabadi, M., 2016. Analysis of gas leak events through the combination of Tripod Beta and RCA methods (Case study: Fifth Refinery of South Pars Gas Complex). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 851-863.
Vatani, J., Hassankiadeh, R.F., Torshizi, Y.F., 2019. The new structure for economic evaluation of Health, Safety and Environment-Management System (HSE-MS) with an approach to the cost estimation of human accidents. Iran Occupational Health, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 48-59. (In Persian)
Ahmadi, O., Mortazavi, S.B., Khavanin, A., 2017. Selection of the optimal method for analysis of accidents in petroleum industry using fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS multi–criteria decision methods. Iran Occupational Health, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.166-180. (In Persian)
Mohammadfam, I., Nikoomaram, H., Hosseinzadeh Lotfi, F., Mansouri, N., Rajabi, A.A., 2014. Development of a decision-making model for selecting and prioritizing accident analysis techniques in process industries. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Vol. 73, No. 8, pp. 517-520.
Qiao, W., Li, X., Liu, Q., 2019. Systemic approaches to incident analysis in coal mines: Comparison of the STAMP, FRAM and “2–4” models. Resources Policy, Vol. 63, e101453.
Yousefi, A., Hernandez, M.R., Peña, V.L., 2019. Systemic accident analysis models: A comparison study between AcciMap, FRAM, and STAMP. Process Safety Progress, Vol. 3, No. 2, e12002.
Alizadeh, F., Taghdisi, M.H., MiriLavasani, S.M.R., 2015. A study of MORT logical tree and Tripod Beta methods in event occurrence causality analysis using hierarchical model. Health and Safety at Work, Vol, 4, No. 4, pp. 39-48. (In Persian)
Mohammadfam, I., Mansouri, N., Nikoomaram, H., Ghasemi, F., 2015. Comparison of commonly used accident analysis techniques for manufacturing industries. International Journal of Occupational Hygiene. Vol. 7, pp. 32-37.
Mohammadfam, I., Mansouri, N., Nikoomaram, H., 2014. Systemic accident analysis methods: A comparison of Tripod-B, RCA and ECFC. Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 327-333.
Salmon, P.M., Cornelissen, M., Trotter, M.J., 2012. Systems-based accident analysis methods: A comparison of Accimap, HFACS, and STAMP. Safety Science, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp.1158-1170.
Lali-Dastjerdi, E., Mohammadfam, I., 2012. Comparison of two techniques of fault tree analysis and Tripod-Beta using the analytic hierarchy process for accidents analysis in a steel-manufacturing industry. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 43-52. (In Persian)
Sklet, S., 2004. Comparison of some selected methods for accident investigation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 111, No. 1-3, pp. 29-37.
Energy Institute (UK). 2015. Guidance on using Tripod Beta in the investigation and analysis of incidents, accidents and business losses.
Reason, J., 2017. The human contribution: unsafe acts, accidents and heroic recoveries. CRC Press.
Rausand M., Høyland A., 2009. System reliability theory: models, statistical methods, and applications. John Wiley & Sons, Second edition.
Shorrock, S.T., Kirwan, B., 2002. Development and application of a human error identification tool for air traffic control. Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 319-336.
