Feasibility of using geothermal energy in building in order to reduce carbon dioxide pollutant emissions in environment (Case Study: Hamedan)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanism

mahdi shaabanian ¹ , mohammadhadi kaboli ² , ali dehghanbanadaki ³ , leila zare ⁴

1 - Department of Architecture, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.*(Corresponding Author)
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2019-08-15 Accepted : 2019-11-13 Published : 2020-12-21

Keywords: Simulation, Hamedan, Carbon dioxide, Geothermal Energy, Energy efficiency in building,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: The thermal behavior of underground buildings is different from that of above ground buildings. The approaching temperature of the inner layers of the earth to the average annual outdoor temperature reduces the heat exchange of these buildings compared to buildings on the ground. Reducing energy consumption reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using geothermal energy in buildings to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the city of Hamedan with cold climatic conditions in 2019. Method: The simulation was performed by using version 8-1-0 of Energy Plus software. In the model, a standard 900 Ashrae sample space with residential usage was considered. At first the building was located on the ground as default and its energy consumption was set to 0/424 MWh /m2. In later stages, the sample is gradually placed in depth in successive steps equal to 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 meters. Findings: findings showed that in each depth, 14.51%, 28.38%, 44.56%, 57.25%, 74.70% and 79.07% of the annual energy requirements of the sample space has been reduced. On the other hand, in each scenario, the carbon dioxide pollutant emissions as the main greenhouse gas, has been declined to 0.65, 1.27, 1.99, 2.57, 3.35 and 3.55 percent, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, It was concluded that Placement of buildings under the ground reduces carbon dioxide pollutant emissions in environment.  

References:

1. Barimani M, Kabi nejadian A. Renewable energy and sustainable development in iran. Renewable and New Energies. 2014;1(1):21-26.


2. Bazazan F, Khosravani N. Measurement of carbon dioxide emissions by different sectors of production and households due to energy consumption in Iran. Environmental Economics and Natural Resources. 2016;(1):1-25.


3.  Rafieyan M, Fath jalali A, Dadashpur H. Investigation and feasibility of the effect of form and density of residential blocks on city energy consumption, Case study of Hashtgerd new town. Armanshahr Architecture and Urban. 2011;4(6):107-116.


4. Dehghan B, Sisman A, Aydin M. Parametric investigation of helical ground heat exchangers for heat pump applications. Energy and Buildings. 2016;(127):999-1007.


5. Verda V, Cosentino S, Lo Russo S, Sciacavelli A. Second law analysis of horizontal geothermal heat pump systems. Energy and Buildings. 2016;(124):236-240.


6. Li A, Xu X, Sun Y. A study on pipe – embedded wall integrated with ground source- coupled heat exchanger for enhanced building energy efficiency in diverse climate regions. Energy and Buildings. 2016;(123):139- 157.


7. Wiryadinata S, Modera M, Jenkins B, Karnbluth K. Technical and economic feasibility of unitary, horizontal ground-loop geothermal heat pumps for space conditioning in selected California climate zone. Energy and Buildings. 2016;(119):164- 172.


8. Kumar soni S, Pandey M, Nath Bartaria V. Experimental analysis of a direct expansion ground coupled heat exchange system for space cooling requirements. Energy and Buildings. 2016;(119):85- 92.


9. Emadian razavi Z, Ayatollahi M. Taking advantage of the earth's thermal stability to provide thermal comfort. Soffeh. 2014;24(1):33-42.


10. Tahbaz M, Jalilian Sh, Musavi F. The role of soil thermal mass in controlling the environmental conditions of buildings. Soffeh. 2014;24(3):31-51.


11.  Purdeihimi S, Gosili B. Investigation of thermal identities of exterior shell walls by case study: Ardabil rural areas. Rural  House and Environment. 2015;34(150):53-70.


12. Malekhoseini A, Dargahi M. Analysis of features and principles of architecture compatible with the cold climate: case study Hamedan. Zagros Outlook. 2010;2(4):23-35.


13. Barbaresi A, Torreggiani D, Bennis S, Tassinari P. Undergroud cellar thermal simulation: Definition of a method for modelling performance assessment based on experimental calibration. Energy and Buildings. 2014;(76):3763-372.


14. Ghiaee M, Mahdavinia M, Tahbaz M, Mofidi shemirani M. Methodology of Selection Energy Simulator applied softwares in Architecture field. City Identity. 2013;7(13):45-55. 


15. Iran Energy Efficiency Organization. Optimization of power consumption in residential and office lighting systems. Tehran: Iran Energy Efficiency Organization; 2013.


16. Nakhaee niazi G. Energy consumption management in residential buildings (natural gas energy). Third edition. Tehran: Farhang-e ruz; 2013.


17. Gas Consumption. The calculator provides indicative conversion of gas consumption in cubic metres to kilowatt hours and megawatt hours. [Internet]. 2019[undate; cited 2019 April 20th]. Available from: http://www.calculate.org/en/energy-fuel/gas-consuumption.html

18. Sadeghi H, Nuri shirazi M, Biabani khameneh K. The role of electricity generation from renewable sources in greenhouse gas emissions: An econometric approach. Iran Energy. 2014; 17(3):23-38.