Construction, validation, and standardization of the reluctance scale of sports managers to retire
Subject Areas : Innovation in Sports Management
Fatemeh Asghari
1
,
, hossein poursoltani zarandi
2
1 - Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities, Jantabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Sports Management Department, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords:
Abstract :
Introduction:. The purpose of this research is to Construction, validation, and standardization of the reluctance scale of sports managers to retireMethods: The research employed a descriptive survey method; it concerned the validity and reliability of the reluctance scale of sports managers to retire. 362 sports managers, university professors and students of physical education formed the statistical population of the research. The data of this research was collected using two questionnaires. The first covered personal characteristics such as gender, age, level of education and working experience in the respective organization. The second included 32 questions plus six factors, which are: individual factors (seven questions), political factors (six questions), social factors (five questions), economic factors (three questions) and managerial factors (eleven questions). The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed at (CVR = 0.82). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was utilized to determine the internal stability of the subscales (factors) of sports managers' reluctance to retire, and the confirmatory factor analysis was employed to determine the construct validity.Results: Besides, the alpha coefficients for individual factors, political factors, social factors, economic factors and managerial factors stood at 0.71, 0.87, 0.88, 0.70 and 0.86, respectively. The analysis of the results of the exploratory factor analysis further illustrated that the value of the Chemo statistic was 0.886. Bartlett's test was also significant (p=0.001, χ2=3812/167), i.e., the correlation between variables is significantly far from zero.Conclusion: The results of this research illustrated that the mentioned questionnaire is a valid tool for studying the retirement of sports managers, and researchers can employ it for the assessment of the reluctance of sports managers to retire.
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