Evaluation of the Spatial Structure Transformation in Traditional Iranian Houses, in Combination with Urban Space of Tehran's First Modern Streets

Subject Areas : Architecture

Nooshin Ramezani ¹ , Jamaleddin Soheili ² , Mohammadreza Khatibi ³

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Received: 2023-09-22 Accepted : 2024-05-26 Published : 2024-09-30

Keywords: Traditional and Modern Residential Patterns, Space Syntax, First Modern Streets of Tehran, Values of Traditional Architecture,

Abstract :

ABSTRACT: Iranian traditional architecture has been changed by modernity during the era of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. This led to a combination of residential context and the first modern streets of the capital. In addition, this development creates new residential spaces above commercial functions, challenges traditional values, and responds to residents' activities and interactions. The main goals of the research are, firstly, achieving residential patterns in combination with urban space and, secondly, changing the concept of traditional values in Iran in this era. Residential spaces in the streets of Lalezar, Ala-al-Dawa, and Sani-al-Dowleh and the passageways between them are studied. Four mansions with traditional residential patterns and six modern-style apartments were selected as deliberate case studies. The residential plans are based on field surveys and reports from the cultural heritage ministry. The connectivity, integration, and depth measurement components were conducted using quantitative analysis tools such as E-Graph and DepthMap software, which are space syntax analysis instruments. The comparative assessment led to some changes, such as omitting traditional elements like the courtyard and entrances and altering the nature of some spaces like the living room. The result of research via deductive reasoning explains changes in the qualities of some values in Iranian traditional architecture. These qualities are privacy and hierarchy. The main reasons for these changes are having the balconies in the first floor like the older model but facing the street and locating most spaces in similar depths.

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