Analysis of Impact Load on Fiber Composite Structures: A Study of Laminate Composite Materials
Subject Areas : Polymer
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Keywords: Composite Laminates, Impact Tests, Damage, Structural analysis, Failure Criteria, Hashin Modified.,
Abstract :
This study investigates the impact of low-velocity forces on laminated composite structures, specifically focusing on the damage mechanisms and failure criteria associated with fiber-reinforced polymer composites (RPC). Low-velocity impacts, often undetectable to the naked eye, can lead to significant structural degradation, including matrix cracking and fiber fracture, which ultimately compromise material stiffness and integrity. Utilizing a combination of experimental and numerical methodologies, this research aims to elucidate the critical parameters influencing damage in composite laminates subjected to impacts ranging from 3 to 5 m/s. The investigation employs advanced finite element modeling alongside experimental tests to assess the mechanical responses of composite plates with varying thicknesses and configurations. Key findings reveal that the mass and velocity of the impacting object, as well as the dimensions of the composite plates, play pivotal roles in determining damage thresholds. The study introduces a modified Hashin failure criterion tailored for bidirectional woven fibers, enhancing the accuracy of damage predictions in laminated composites. Results indicate that while impactor mass has a minimal effect on the resistance of laminated plates to low-speed impacts, understanding the interplay between various mechanical properties is essential for optimizing design and performance. The findings contribute valuable insights for engineers in selecting appropriate failure criteria and designing safer, more efficient composite structures for industrial applications. This research underscores the necessity of integrating both experimental data and numerical simulations in developing robust assessment methodologies for composite materials subjected to dynamic loading conditions.
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