Proposing two novel hybrid RF/FSO systems to reduce the damaging effects of foggy channels
Subject Areas : journal of Artificial Intelligence in Electrical EngineeringNegin Nikbakht Sardari 1 , Mohammad Ghiamy 2 , Asghar charmin 3 , Mohammad Esmaeil akbar 4
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Keywords: Energy Management System, Distributed Energy Resources, Electric vehicles, Renewable Energy, Uncertainty, Peer to Peer, Organic Photovoltaics,
Abstract :
This paper presents an innovative method for operational planning of microgrids, focusing on maximizing profitability. The approach addresses key uncertainties, including the probabilistic charging/discharging behavior of EVs and the integration of renewable energy sources like wind and solar. A major challenge with renewables is energy wastage due to storage limitations and grid congestion. EVs offer a solution through Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, which enables them to supply electricity back to the grid, improving renewable energy utilization. This paper introduces two Energy Management System (EMS) models, with a key innovation being a Coordinated EMS that facilitates peer-to-peer (P2P) power trading between stations and prosumers. The model, evaluated across five stations under ten uncertainty scenarios, is formulated using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and implemented in GAMS/CPLEX. By integrating P2P transactions and organic photovoltaics (OPV) technology, it enables off-grid EV charging and utilizes excess solar energy in remote areas. Results indicate that the Coordinated EMS with P2P trading improves profitability by up to 1.17 times. The findings of this research align with efforts to reduce peak load in distribution grids by reducing reliance on centralized infrastructure, demonstrating the potential benefits of coordinated energy management strategies in microgrids.
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