The Effect of Emergency Caused by Personality Disorder on Committing a Crime in the Legal System of Iran and Canada

Subject Areas : Jurisprudence and Criminal Law Doctrines

Abbas BaieLashaki ¹ , Mahmood HabibiTabar ² , Mehdi Esmaeili ³

1 - PhD student, criminal law and criminology, Ayatollah Amoli branch, Islamic Azad University, Aml, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor of Law, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2024-04-20 Accepted : 2024-09-07 Published : 2024-12-21

Keywords: emergency, personality disorder, emergency caused by personality disorder, the factors of removal of responsibility.,

Abstract :

Emergency is one of the factors of criminal removal of liability. The Islamic Penal Code considered the temporary insanity at the moment of committing a crime as one of the factors of removal of criminal responsibility. Reported research in this survey by using analytical-descriptive method has examined the effect of emergency on committing a crime and punishment of crime in two legal systems of Iran and Canada. In the situation of emergency caused by personality disorder, the character of a person is changing that is not able to remember it and therefore commits the crime involuntarily. In the criminal law of Iran, there is no reliable documents of proof for recognition of the situation of emergency caused by personality disorder and usually involuntary claim of occurrence a crime because of personality disorder is rejected. Naturally, the judge cannot give effect to claims without evidence of proof and therefore the principles of criminal justice demand the punishment of an offender. In the criminal legal system of Canada, derived from scientific researches, the scientific evidence proving this situation caused by personality disorder is officially recognized that the offender may be exempted from punishment. The finding of survey showed that it is possible to use this scientific innovation in criminal law of Iran and model can be used in our country with the condition of the approval of judicial trust experts, emergency caused by personality disorder is considered as one of evidence of proof of exemption from punishment. This scientific method determined the prove of emergency as by law in authority of the forensic medicine and according to that forced the precedent.

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