Neoliberalism and the redefinition of diasporic policies in countries of origin (case studies of India and Mexico)

Subject Areas : International Relations

Tayebe Vaezi ¹ , Maryam Irannezhad Parizi ²

1 -
2 - Master's degree graduate of the University of Tehran

Received: 2024-12-26 Accepted : 2025-02-16 Published : 2025-09-20

Keywords: Citizenship, Diaspora, India, Mexico, Neoliberalism ,

Abstract :

Today's, diasporas are increasingly being recognized as influential players on the international stage, right alongside other non-state actors. Interestingly, governments like those in India and Mexico, which once considered immigrants as a potential brain drain or a security threat, have shifted their perspectives since the early 1990s. These countries are now leveraging the political and economic potential of their diasporas to benefit national interests.

This article explores a key question: How has the spread of neoliberalism influenced the evolution of diaspora policies in various countries? Our hypothesis suggests that neoliberalism has redefined the concept of citizenship through a market-based lens. By doing so, it has included diasporas as contributors to the development of their countries of origin, tailoring the relationship based on the expertise, skills, and investment potential of diaspora members.

To delve into this hypothesis, we employed a qualitative case study approach, gathering data through extensive library research. Our findings indicate that neoliberalism has indeed altered the legal criteria for diaspora citizenship. Instead of the old legal standards, the new criteria emphasize productivity, capital, expertise, and skill sets. Consequently, these changes have shaped diaspora policies and strategically managed this significant population group.

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