E-Reec Protocol for Enhanced Energy-Efficient Clustering Based on Ranking with Multiple Base Stations and Sleep Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks

Subject Areas : Electrical engineering (electronics, telecommunications, power, control)

Atefeh Karimi ¹ , Mohammad mehdi shirmohammadi ²

1 - Department of Computer Science, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
2 - Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran

Received: 2024-12-16 Accepted : 2025-03-01 Published : 2025-06-20

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, Clustering, Clustering Algorithm, Multi-Base Station, Timing Algorithm,

Abstract :

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have found extensive applications in various sectors and industries today. However, one of the fundamental challenges in these networks is the limited energy resources and the need to extend their lifespan. This is because sensor nodes typically rely on batteries, and replacing or recharging these batteries can be difficult in some applications, such as monitoring in remote or sensitive areas. Therefore, solutions that can optimize energy consumption and increase network longevity are of paramount importance. This paper attempts to propose effective solutions for extending network lifetime by employing routing and clustering methods. Specifically, the use of intelligent algorithms for selecting optimal routes and appropriate cluster heads can significantly impact energy consumption reduction. Furthermore, utilizing communication protocols that can better adapt to network conditions contributes to improved node performance and increased network operational time. The results of this study demonstrate that using the proposed methods, compared to traditional approaches, leads to a significant reduction in energy consumption and an increase in node lifespan. In addition, optimizing communication paths within the network results in better communication stability and increased overall network efficiency. These achievements can be extremely valuable, especially in critical and sensitive applications such as environmental monitoring, crisis management, and military systems

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