An Analysis of Climate Change Caused by the Development and Urban Transformation of Isfahan as a Tourist City
Subject Areas : Geography and tourism planning, geography and urban planning, urban planning, architecture, geography and rural planning, political geographyAli Malekabbasi 1 , Shirin Toghyani Khorasgani 2 , Amirhosein Shabani 3 , Soroush Modabberi 4 , David Leite Vian 5
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 - Integrated Researcher, ISTAR-lscte, Lisbon University Institute, Portugal
Keywords: Climate change, Urban Form, Tourism, Isfahan, Historic city,
Abstract :
This study examines the impacts of rising temperatures and urban development on the city of Isfahan, with a specific focus on how these changes affect urban centers and tourism. Climate change, characterized by increasing temperatures, poses significant challenges to the sustainability of urban environments. This research explores the consequences of temperature rise on urban form and the subsequent implications for tourism management. By analyzing urban development patterns, particularly in the context of expanding urban areas and their impact on historical centers, the study emphasizes the need for adaptive strategies that can mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. Quantitative method used to analyze meteorological data, and the city’s development maps have been analyzed by using GIS. The findings highlight that, with the city’s expansion, especially after 2001, the overall temporature has increased, affecting the center of Isfahan. This is primarily due to most of the expansion occurring in the west, which aligns with the prevailing meteorogical direction.
1. Bulkeley, Harriet & Betsill, Michele (2010). Rethinking Sustainable Cities: Multilevel Governance and the Urban Politics of Climate Change. Environmental Politics, 14 (1), 42-63.
2. Bulkeley, Harriet; Edwards, Gareth A.S. & Fuller, Sara (2014). Contesting Climate Justice in The City: Examining Politics and Practice in Urban Climate Change Experiments. Global Environment Change.
3. Byjus, (2020). Statistical Inference. Available from: https://byjus.com/maths/statistical-inference/
4. Chow, Winston T.L. & Brazelb, Anthony J. (2011). Assessing Xeriscaping as a Sustainable Heat Island Mitigation Approach for a Desert City. Building and Environment.
5. Dodge, J., & Gentry, C. (2019). Urban Climate Change and Sustainability: The Role of Cities in Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation. Springer.
6. Eslamian. Saeid; Safavi, Hamid R.; Gohari, Alireza; Sajjadi, Mehdi; Raghibi, Vahid & Zareian, Mohammad Javad (2017). Climate Change Impacts on Some Hydrological Variables in the Zayandeh-rud River Basin, Iran. Reviving the dying giant, Chapter 13.
7. Fallmann, Joachim & Emeis, Stefan (2020). How to Bring Urban and Global Climate Studies together with Urban Planning and Architecture?. Development in the Built Environment.
8. Gohari, Alireza; Zareian, Mohammad Javad & Eslamian, Saeid (2014). A Multi-model Framework for Climate Change Impact Assessment. Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation.
9. Hamin, E. M., & Gurran, N. Emlinger, A. M. (2022). “Urban form and climate change: Balancing adaptation and mitigation in the U. S. And Australia.” Habitat internationa, 119, 102454.
10. Hanzl, Malgorzata & Osmond, Paul. (2020). Urban Form and Climate Change Planning: on the Normative Framework for Urban Design. Journal Urban Morphology online. Viewpoints, Vol 24.2.
11. Hunt, Alistair & Watkiss, Paul (2010). Climate Change Impact and Adaptation in Cities: A Review of the Literature.
12. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2021). Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press.
13. IPCC (2023). “Climate change 2023: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability.” Intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) sixth assessment report.
14. Quesada-Gamuza, Laura, Garmendia, Leire, Vilaverde Ane, Egiluz Ziortza, Roji Eduardo, Pinero Ignacio, (2023), Vulnerability assessment of historic areas to heat waves. The case study of Bilbao. Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, (SAHC 2023).
15. Lenzholzer, Sanda; Carsjens, Gerrit-Jan; Brown, Robert D.; Tavares, Silvia; Vanos, Jennifer; Kim, YouJoung & Lee, Kanghyun (2020). Awareness of urban climate adaptation strategies – an international overview. Urban Climate.
16. Marschutz, Benedikt; Bremer, Scott; Runhaar, Hens; Hegger, Dries; Mees, Heleen; Vervoort, Joost & Wardekker, Arjan (2020). Local Narratives of Change as an Entry Point for Building Urban Climate Resilience. Climate Risk Management.
17. Mastrorillo, M., et al. (2016). “The impact of climate change on urban infrastructure: A review of the literature.” Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 142(3), 04016004. 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000312
18. Rafieian, Mojtaba & Sheikhi, Saba (2015). Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Urban Planning for a Livable City in Tehran; Space Ontology International Journal, 4 (14), 9-22.
19. Shahraki, M. S., & Fadaei, M. (2019). “Climate change impacts on urban water supply systems: A case study of Isfahan, Iran.” Water Resources Management, 33(10), 3251-3263.
20. Sodoudi, Sahar; Shahmohamadi, Parisa; Vollack, Ken; Cubasch, Ulrich & Che-Ani, A. I. (2014). Mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect in Megacity Tehran. Hindawi Publishing Corporation.
21. Spennemann, Dirk H. R. & Graham, Kristy (2007). The Importance of Heritage Preservation in Natural Disaster Situations. International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management - Int J Risk Assess Manag, 7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRAM.2007.014670
22. Stancu, Mihai; Cheveresan, Maria; Zaharia, Valentin & Poienariu, Tudor (2017). Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Areas. Case Study for the Tineretului Area in Bucharest. Urban Subsurface Planning And Management Week.
23. UN-Habitat. (2020). The World’s Cities Report 2020: The Value of Sustainable Urbanization. United Nations Human Settlements Program.
24. United Nations Climate Change (2015). Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (Decision 1/CP.17) Adaptation of Protocol, Another Legal Instrument, or an Agreed Outcome with Legal Force Under the Convention Applicable to all Parties. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
25. United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2019). Climate Change and Tourism: Responding to Global Challenges.
26. World Bank. (2010). Cities and Climate Change: An Urgent Agenda. World Bank Publications.
27. Zarifian, P., et al. (2021). “Effects of climate change on urban planning in Isfahan, Iran.” Sustainable Cities and Society, 70, 102887.