Genetic Parameters and Physiology of Phalaenopsis Flowering in Different Directions of Sunlight in Tropical Lowlands

Subject Areas : Genetics

Noor Farid ¹ , Zulfa Ulinnuha ² , Agus Riyanto ³

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Received: 2024-07-18 Accepted : 2024-08-13 Published : 2024-10-27

Keywords: Phalaenopsis, flowering LOCUS T, genetic variability, phenotypic variability, heritability ,

Abstract :

Flowering in Phalaenopsis is influenced by temperature, with a requirement for temperatures below 26°C, leading to the usual practice of initiating it in tropical highlands. Light also influences the initiation process by playing a significant role in activating the flowering Locus T (FT) gene. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the flowering response of Phalaenopsis in lowlands in two directions of sunlight exposure. The experiment was conducted in the lowlands of Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The first factor was Phalaenopsis hybrids: KHM 2283, KHM 2508, GL 13540, DF 1622, and Big Chili, while the second factor was sunlight direction (east and west). Across all measured characteristics, it was observed that there was a low Coefficient of Genetic Variability (CVG). The Coefficient of Phenotypic Variability (CVP) for flowering was higher than the CVG value. Heritability analysis showed that vegetative growth exhibited high herit ability. However, flowering characteristics were categorized as low heritability, suggesting that the phenotype was strongly influenced by the environment, specifically lighting. These results contribute to alternative methods for increasing Phalaenopsis flowering production in tropical lowlands, indicating that eastward sunlight shows potential as a prerequisite for flower production.

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