Investigation of biomarkers and their use in prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other diseases
Subject Areas : Plasma biomarkersSara Taleahmad 1 , Fatemeh Taleahmad 2
1 - 1- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
2 - 2- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Biological markers, Diagnosis, and prediction, Cancer, Diseases,
Abstract :
Biological markers, or biomarkers, are vital tools in the diagnosis, prediction, and management of diseases. In recent decades, the use of these markers as early warning systems for assessing disease risk has significantly increased. The application and identification of biological markers in the medical and clinical fields have had a considerable impact on public health, allowing for the prediction of outcomes and the provision of effective treatment solutions by assessing the sensitivity and severity of diseases in each individual. Furthermore, biomarkers are essential tools for selecting suitable patients for treatment with specific medications, and in personalized medicine, the use of these tools enables the delivery of appropriate treatment at the right dosage and time to the patient. In biomarker studies, the identification and classification of these markers are of paramount importance. Biomarkers can serve as imaging markers, enzymes, proteins, RNA, DNA, or other molecules used in research and disease diagnosis. In this article, the history, classification, discovery, and types of biological markers, their applications in disease prediction, as well as the challenges and future opportunities in this field are discussed. Moreover, examples of important biomarkers in various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other illnesses are examined. This study aims to inspire readers to explore new avenues in research and development of biological markers.
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