Biochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Caffeic Acid in Transgenic Hairy Roots of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes

Subject Areas : botany

Farah Farahani ¹ , Masoumeh َAnsari Bidar ² , Mohsen Zargar ³

1 - Professor, Department of Biology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2 - Department of Biology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

Received: 2024-10-04 Accepted : 2024-10-25 Published : 2025-04-02

Keywords: Gene transfer, Purslane, Hairy root, Antioxidant.,

Abstract :

Objective: Purslane is used in traditional medicine in many countries. Its roots contain beneficial secondary metabolites but in very low quantities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of a biotechnological method to enhance the production of pharmaceutically active compounds through hairy root induction.

Materials and Methods: Disinfected purslane seeds were cultivated. Hypocotyl segments of seedlings were inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes (strains A15 and A4). PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed to confirm gene transfer. Inoculated hypocotyls and controls (non-inoculated) were cultured on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962) medium. Caffeic acid content in transgenic and control plants
was analyzed via HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), and antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay.

Findings: PCR confirmed the presence of the rolB gene from strains A15 and A4 in transgenic purslane compared to controls (lacking the rol gene). Callus formation was followed by hairy root induction. Transgenic hairy roots showed significant induction at the 5% probability level. HPLC analysis revealed 34% higher caffeic acid content in transgenic plants compared to controls. The antioxidant activity of transgenic purslane with strain A4 exhibited 86.737% inhibition at a low concentration.

Conclusion: Transgenic hairy roots of purslane can be utilized to enhance the production yield of caffeic acid alkaloids for pharmaceutical industries.

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