Identify the challenges of informal settlements and Provide operational-executive solutions to improve it in Kurdistan province(Case study: Urban Separated Area of Naysar,)

Subject Areas :

Davood Jamini ¹ (1-Assistant Professor, Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. 2-Part-time Researcher at Kurdistan Studies Institute, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.)
Alireza Jamshidi ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.)
Mehdi Abdolmaleki ³ (Lecturer in the Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.)

Received: 2021-05-03 Accepted : 2021-06-04 Published : 2022-02-20

Keywords: sustainable urban development, informal settlements, thematic analysis, Naysar,

Abstract :

Today, informal settlements are an integral part of most cities in the world. This type of housing has characteristics such as poverty, unemployment, the prevalence of social ills, insufficient access to safe water and sanitation, unsustainable housing, lack of essential infrastructure and so on. Given that informal settlements accommodate a significant population of citizens, in order to respect citizenship rights and sustainable urban development, Planning and policy-making is essential to solve the problems of these settlements. Informal settlements located near Sanandaj, Including Naysar, they are no exception to this rule. Therefore, the present research has been done Aiming to identify challenges and providing operational-executive solutions to improve the status of Naysar as one of the informal settlements adjacent to Sanandaj. The present study is conducted within the framework of the interpretive-constructive paradigm and The research method is thematic analysis. Used to collect data from in-depth semi-structured individual interviews and group interviews. The results showed Physical-infrastructural problems, Socio-security issues and anomalies, Managerial-administrative problems, Economic instability and Legal inadequacies, Are the most important challenges and problems identified in the study area. The results also showed Among the identified themes, Legal inadequacies, it is the central theme and in a way the main circle of challenges and problems of Naysar which triggers other problems in this urban space. In total, these challenges are combined and chained, Disorder, chaos, spatial chaos, and ultimately the decay of Naysar urban space. To address the identified challenges, Operational-executive projects are presented in the form of short-term, medium-term and long-term plans as well as strike-execution strategies.

References:

1- Ahmadi, Y., & Aghaei, M. (2017). A Sociological study of the Effects of value system and Family power-structure on social deviance: (case of study: Naysar slum of the city of Sanandaj), Urban Sociological Studies, 7(24): 1-30.

2- Amiri, M., & Kamali, A. (2012). Economic and social challenges of urban management in informal settlements, Haft Shahr, 3(37-38): 57-73.

3- Bouwmeester, J., & Hartmann, T. (2021). Unraveling the self-made city: The spatial impact of informal real estate markets in informal settlements, Cities, 108, 102966, pp: 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102966.

4- Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.

5- Dovey, K., Oostrum, M.V., Chatterjee, I., & Shafique, T. (2020), Towards a morphogenesis of informal settlements, Habitat International 104 (2020) 102240.

6- Ehebrecht, D. (2014). The Challenge of Informal Settlement Upgrading Breaking New Ground in Hangberg, Cape Town?, Potsdamer Geographische Praxis //7, Universitätsverlag Potsdam Publishers.

7- Friesen, J., Rausch, L., Pelz, P.F & Fürnkranz, J (2018). Determining Factors for Slum Growth with Predictive Data Mining Methods, Urban Sci. 2018, 2, 81; doi:10.3390/urbansci2030081.

8- Ghadermarzi, H., Jamini, D., Jamshidi, A & Cheraghi, R. (2013). Analysis of spatial inequality in rural areas based on the housing indicators of rural of Kermanshah Province, Economy of space and Rural Development, 2(3): 93-113.

9- Ghadermarzi, H., Jamshidi, A., Jamshidi, M., & Jamini, D. (2013). Prioritize Informal Housing Challenges Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Case study: Jafarabad neighborhood of Kermanshah, Motaleate Shahri, 2(6): 43-56.

10- Gharakhlou, M., Abdi Yangi Kand, N., & Zanganeh Shahraki, S. (2009). Analysis of the Level of Urban Sustainability in Informal Settlements of Sanandaj, Human Geography Research Quarterly, 41(69): 1-16.

11- Jamini, D. & Jamshidi, A. (2015). Analysis of the factors that explain the social stability in rural areas (Case study: Chardavol township), Journal of Spatial Planning, 4(4): 147-65.

12- Jamshidi, A., Jamini, D., Jamshidi, M., & Cheraghi, R. (2014). Informal settlement, prioritizing current challenges case study: jafar abad district in Kermanshah City, HUMAN GEOGRAPHY RESEARCH QUARTERLY, 45 (4): 221-242.

13- Karimzadeh, H., Khaleghi, A., & Valaei, M. (2019). Social Pathology of Tabriz Metropolitan Slums Based on Empowerment Approach, 1(2): 15-34.

14- Lahmian, R. (2017). Spatial planning of suburban areas and the study of informal settlement formation (Case study: Sari city), Human Geography Research Quarterly, 9(2): 125-138.

15- Melore, T.W., & Nel, V. (2020). ‘Resilience of informal settlements to climate change in the mountainous areas of Konso, Ethiopia and QwaQwa, South Africa’, Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 12(1), a778. https://doi.org/10.4102/ jamba.v12i1.778.

16- Mohammadpur, A. (2013). Qualitative research method Counter method 1, Second Edition, Jameshenasan Publications, Tehran.

17- Nassar, D.M., & Elsayed, H.G. (2018). From Informal Settlements to sustainable communities, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 57, 2367–2376.

18- Ono, H., & Kidokoro, T. (2020). Understanding the development patterns of informal settlements in Nairobi, Japan Architectural Review, 3(3): 384–393.

19- Poormohamadi, M.R., & Jahanbin, R., (2009). Survival of non-formal housing and empowerment approach as the latest strategy to deal with it (Case study of Tabriz), GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF CHASHMANDAZ-E-ZAGROS, 1(1): 33-52.

20- Purwar, D., Sliuzas, R. & Flacke, J. (2020). Assessment of cascading effects of typhoons on water and sanitation services: A case study of informal settlements in Malabon, Philippines, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 51, 101755, pp: 1-13. http://creativecommons.org/licenses /by/4.0/

Rezayee, M., Ling, G.H.T., & Misnan, S.H. (2019). Approaches to Addressing Informal Settlement Problems: A Case Study of District 13 in the Kabul city, Afghanistan, Preprints 2019, 2019110183, DOI: 10.20944/preprints201911.0183.v1.

22- Samper, J., Shelby, J.A., & Behary, D. (2020). The Paradox of Informal Settlements Revealed in an ATLAS of Informality: Findings from Mapping Growth in the Most Common Yet Unmapped Forms of Urbanization, Sustainability, 12, 9510; doi:10.3390/su12229510.

23- Sargolzaee Javan, T., & Hadyani, Z. (2017). Investigating the Feasibility of Empowering the Informal Settlements Quarters by Increasing the Social Capital (Case Study: Shir-Abad Quarter of Zahedan), Social Welfare Quarterly, 16(63), 185-213.

24- Satterthwaite, D., Archer, D., Colenbrander, S., Dodman, D., Hardoy, J., Mitlin, D., & Patel, S. (2020). Building Resilience to Climate Change in Informal Settlements, One Earth Review, One Earth 2, February 21, pp: 143-156. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

25- Shaibani Moghadam, F., Sarvar, R., & Asadian, F. (2019). Evaluating the success rate of organizing and empowering projects in informal settlements of Zahedan, Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 11(2): 203-216.

26- Shamsoldini, A., Jamini, D. & Jamshidi, A.R. (2016). Measurement and analysis of social stability in rural areas (Case study: Javanrood Township), Journal of Rural Research, 7(3): 486-503.

 

27- Sharma, A., Tiwari, G., & Rao, K.R (2020). Identifying mixed use indicators for including informal settlements as a distinct land use: Case study of Delhi, Transportation Research Procedia, 48: 1918–1930.

28- Shojaee, R., Ahmadi, S.A., Jazayeri, R., & Etemadi, O. (2018), A Semantic Analysis of the Impact of Cyber-Harms on Couples’ Relationships in Isfahan, Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 19(73): 62- 78.

29- Sydaii, S.E., Jamini, D. & Jamshidi, A. (2014). An analysis on the status of health-therapeutic indexes in the provinces of Kermanshah using TOPSIS, AHP and cluster analysis models, Spatial Planning, 4(1): 43-64.

 

30- Tabibian, M., Ahmadi, B. & Hashemi, S.M. (2015). Analysis on Relation between Tenure Security and Inhabitant's Willingness for Participating in Improving Informal Settlement (Case Study: Koshtargah Neighborhood in Urmia), Hoviate shahr, 9(23): 5-16.

31- Taubenböck, H. & Kraff, N.J. (2015). Das globale Gesicht urbaner Armut?, Siedlungsstrukturen in slums. In Globale Urbanisierung; Springer: Berlin, Germany, pp. 107–119.

32- United Nations (2016). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015. Available online: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals.

33- United Nations (2016). Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures; World Cities Report; United Nations Publication: New York, NY, USA.

34- Uzun, B., & Cete, M. (2004). A Model for Solving Informal Settlement Issues in Developing Countries. In Proceedings of the Planning, Valuation and the Environment, Athens, Greece, 22–27 May 2004.

35- Victor, T. (2009). The Challenges of Eradicating Informal Settlements in South Africa by 2014. The Case of Seraleng Sustainable Human Settlement, Rustenburg Local Municipality, North West Province, A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the degree of Master of Science in Housing.