An optimization model for green water and wastewater network redesign considering different quality of returned wastewater

Subject Areas : Subjects

Zahra Ebrahimi ¹ (MSc of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran)
Mohammad Reza Gholamian ² (Associate Prof. of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran)
Mahsa Arabi ³ (PhD Candidate of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2019-11-15 Accepted : 2022-02-28 Published : 2023-07-23

Keywords: Multi-Objective Optimization, Green Supply Chain, Water/Wastewater Network, -Constraint Method, Quality of Returns,

Abstract :

Abstract
Introduction: Expansion of urbanization, increasing in the population of planet, excessive exploitation of water resources and wastewater release in nature have negative and irreversible impacts on the environment. The present research has been carried out in order to optimize the redesign model of the green water and wastewater network.
Methods: In this research, a bi-objective optimization model for the green redesign of the water and wastewater network is proposed. The model includes locating the optimal place of storage ponds and also optimally allocating the treated wastewater to agricultural areas and industrial settlements in order to mitigate the devastating effects of discharging industrial wastewater into the municipal wastewater treatment plants and eventually mitigating the entry of such pollutants into the environment. The proposed model, has been solved using the - constraint method.
Findings: Accordingly, the total system cost is minimized, the demand is met and simultaneously the environmental issues are met and the environmental pollution load of the network is minimized, because of network redesign. Also, a sensitivity analysis is performed on some important parameters.
Conclusion: The results showed that the proposed model can help the designers in this field to design the distribution network, because despite the increase in costs the environmental pollution is reduced by installing COD meters and performing environmental disinfection. In addition, in this model, it has been tried to compensate part of the increased costs by selling activated sludge.

References:

 

Gupta, I., 1969. Linear programming analysis of a water supply system. AIIE Transactions, 1(1): p. 56-61. doi: 1080/05695556908974414

2.       Deininger, R., 1965.Water quality  management: the planning of economically optimal pollution control systems (PhD Thesis). Northwestern University. Evanston, IL.

3.       Smeers, Â.Y., Tyteca, D., 1982. Optimal location and design of wastewater treatment plants under river quality constraints. in: “Proceedings of I.F.I.P. Working Conference on Environmental Systems Analysis and Management”, S. Rinaldi, ed., North-Holland, Amsterdam.

4.       Zhang, C., 2005. A study on urban water reuse management modeling. Master's thesis, University of Waterloo.

5.       Dandy, G., Duncker, A., Wilson, J. and Pedeux, X., 2009. An approach for integrated optimization of wastewater, recycled, and potable water networks. In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers (pp. 1-11). doi: 10.1061/41036(342)35

6.       Chung, G., Lansey, K., Bayraksan G., 2009. Reliable water supply system design under uncertainty. Environmental Modelling & Software, 24(4): p. 449-462. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.08.007

7.       Ray, P.A., Kirshen, P.H., Vogel, R.M., 2009. Integrated optimization of a dual quality water and wastewater system. Journal of water resources planning and management, 136(1): p. 37-47.doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000004

8.       Liu, S., Konstantopoulou, F., Gikas, P., Papageorgiou, G., 2011. A mixed integer optimisation approach for integrated water resources management. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 35(5): p. 858-875. doi: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2011.01.032.

9.       Guo, P., Huang, GH., Zhu, H., Wang, X., 2010. A two-stage programming approach for water resources management under randomness and fuzziness. Environmental Modelling & Software, 25(12): p. 1573-1581. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.04.018.

10.   Zhou, X.-c., Zhao, Z., Zhou, K., He, C., 2012. Remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network design based on genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm. Journal of Central South University, 19(2): p. 482-487. doi: 10.1007/s11771-012-1029-y.

11.   Mortazavi-Naeini, M., Kuczera, G., Kiem, AS., Henley, B., Berghout ,B. , Turner, E., 2015. Robust optimization to secure urban bulk water supply against extreme drought and uncertain climate change. Environmental Modelling & Software, 69: p. 437-451. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.02.021.

12.   Al-Zahrani, M., Musa, A., Chowdhury, S., 2016. Multi-objective optimization model for water resource management: a case study for Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Environment, development and sustainability, 18(3): p. 777-798. doi: 10.1007/s10668-015-9677-3.

13.   Ghelichi, Z., Tajik  ,J., Pishvaee, M.S., 2018. A novel robust optimization approach for an integrated municipal water distribution system design under uncertainty: A case study of Mashhad. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 110: p. 13-34.  doi: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.11.017.

14.   Abdulbaki, D., Alhinidi, M., Yasinie, A., Abu najm, M., 2017. An optimization model for the allocation of water resources. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164: p. 994-1006. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.024.

15.   Rezaei, N., Sierra-Altamiranda, A., Diaz-Elsayed, N., Charkhgard, H., Zhang, Q., 2019. A multi-objective optimization model for decision support in water reclamation system planning. Journal of Cleaner Production, 240: p. 118227. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118227.

16.   Ghassemi, A., Hu, M., Zhou, Z., 2017. Robust planning decision model for an integrated water system. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 143(5): p. 05017002. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000757.

17.   Hao, R., Li, M., Li, J B., Zhang, QK., Liu, F., 2013. Water Quality Assessment for Wastewater Reclamation Using Principal Component Analysis. Journal of Environmental Informatics, 21. (1). doi:10.3808/jei.201300231.

18.   Kurian, M., Reddy, VR., Dietz, T., Brdjanovic, D., 2013. Wastewater re-use for peri-urban agriculture: a viable option for adaptive water management? Sustainability science, 8(1): p. 47-59 doi:10.1007/s11625-012-0178-0.

19.   Asghari Moghadam, A., Shokri, S., Vaezi Heer, A., Kazemian, N., 2013. Feasibility of Reusing Tabriz Refinery Wastewater for Agricultural and Industrial Uses, First International Specialized Congress of Earth Sciences. [In Persian].

20.   Karimi E., Khoshalhan F., Hejazi R., 2011. Designing a New Mathematical Model for Dynamic Cell Formation Problem. International journal of industrial engineering and production management, 22 (2) :145-159
URL: http://ijiepm.iust.ac.ir/article-1-651-fa.html. [In Persian].

Metkaf, 1389. Wastewater Engineering - Volume 1 - Translated by Abrisham Chi, A., Afshar, A., Jamshid, B. [In Persian].