Consequences of Villager’s Informal Activity (Imported Goods) On the Development of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Sigar and Dehsheykh Region in Lamerd County)

Subject Areas : Regional Planning

ali akbar anabestani ¹ (دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
mahbobeh namdar ² (دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)

Received: 2015-05-30 Accepted : 2016-12-16 Published : 2016-11-21

Keywords: Informal economy, Rural employment, Imported goods, Villagers Sigar, Dehshykh,

Abstract :

The introduction of any new economic activity in rural areas will have impacts on economic, social, cultural, and physical and space aspects of the community in various forms especially spatial structure and function of the area. Illegal trade activities, as an economic phenomenon, have resulted in formation of spatial organization and specific geographic perspective, and creating new activities at the same time that affects different aspects of rural life community. The study aims to investigate the different effects of this activities in the villages of the central city in the southern province of Fars, Lamerd, which seeks to understand and explain the effects of economic, social, and physical activity created by the expansion of the informal activities and their reflection to the life development of the rural settlements. This descriptive and analytic study is collected its data in two ways from documentary study and surveys (via observation, interviews and questionnaires). The sample size was resulting from Cochran formula and estimated based on 156 households. Spearman analytical tests, Xi-two, Friedman and Factor Analysis were used in addition to descriptive statistics to analyze the data. The results show that immigrants in this region as the largest importers of contraband in the region, which is adjacent to the countries of the Persian Gulf, have the greatest impact on the development of rural settlements. So, it has a significant economic, social and physical effects on the studied villages that leads to founding too many high income professional activities in the region. Also, according to factor analysis and Friedman, the most effectiveness of this type of activities was on the economic, physical and social fields, respectively.

References:

1. Ahmadi Forooshani, M., & Mahmoodi, M., (2010): Land use planning in the land administration, Land Use Planning Magazine, Vol. 2, No. 2, Pp. 93-110.


2. Alamolhoda, S. (2005). Investigating the aspects of smuggling, anti-smuggling campaign site. Internal Magazine, July 1384, Tehran (http://www.epe.ir/), In Persian.


3. Asayaesh, H. (1995): Rural economy, Tehran: Payam-e-Noor Publication, In Persian.


4. Byrd, E., Bosley, H. & Dronberger, M. (2009): Comparisons of stakeholder perceptions of tourism impacts in rural eastern North Carolina, Tourism Management, Vol. 30, No. 1, Pp. 693– 703


5. Charney, A. H. (1993): Migration and the public sector: a survey. Regional Studies, Vol. 27, No. 4, Pp. 313-326.


6. De Haas, H. (2006): Migration, remittances and regional development in Southern Morocco. Geoforum, Vol. 37, No. 4, Pp. 565-580.


7. Gohnson, G.E. (1993): Family strategies and economic transformation in rural china: some evidence from the pearl river delta, University of California Press, Pp.103–136.


8. Horáková, H. (2010): Transformation of rural communities: mobility, tourism and identity. Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis, Vol. 20, No. 4, Pp. 1-14.


9. Hunt, G. L. (1993): Equilibrium and disequilibrium in migration modelling. Regional Studies, Vol. 27, No. 4, Pp. 341-349.


10.  Jafari, A. H. & Hamidi, A. (2015). The role of border markets in the security and smuggling in North Khorasan Province, Journal of Police knowledge on North Khorasan, Vol.2, No.5, Pp. 95-112, In Persian.


11. Kohnehpoushi, S. H. & Jalalian, H. (2013): Examine economic impact of smuggling on the border villages, case study: Khaw and Mirabad in Marivan county, Journal of Geography and Development, No. 32, Pp. 61-74, In Persian.


12. Kohnehpoushi, S. H. & Shayan, H. (2013): Examine economic impact of smuggling on the border villages, case study Marivan city, Applied Researches in Geography Sciences, Vo.13, No.29, Pp. 51-73, In Persian.


13. Kohnehpoushi, S. H. (2013): Analyze of possibilities and obstacles of economic activities diversification in border villages (case study: Marivan county), Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, In Persian.


14. Leebouapao, L., Souksavath, P., Sone, P., Darachanthara, S., & Norintha, V. (2005): Lao PDR’s Cross Border Economy: Case Study in Dansavanh, Savannakhet and Houaysay/Tonpheung, Bokeo, Lao PDR. The Cross-Border Economies of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.


15. Mahmoudi, A. (2009): Role of trafficking in the consolidation of the country's border west villages, Journal of Commercial Researches, No.13. Pp. 68-81, In Persian.


16.  Mahmoudi, Y. (2013): The informal economy and its impact on city (case study: Baneh city), Proceeding of the National Conference of Integrated Urban Management and its Role in Sustainable Development, Sanandaj, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, http://www.civilica.com/Paper-RESEARCHH01-RESEARCHH01_039.html, In Persian.


17. Masoumi, R. & Ghasemi, A. (2009): The role of obstruction of cross-border in the smuggling, Bimonthly Journal of Hidden Economy, No.10, Pp. 31-39, In Persian.


18. McDowell, C., & De Haan, A. (1997): Migration and sustainable livelihoods: A critical review of the literature. Sussex Institute of Development Studies.


19. Mohammadi, H., & Fakhr Fatemi, A., (2005): The role of border marketplaces in border areas of spatial development, Political Geography and Geopolitical Journal, Vol.1, No.1, Pp. 54-77.


20. Mohammadi-e-Saleh, R., Bookani, R. & Viesi, R. (2013): The role of cross-border trade in the stabilization of the rural population, case study: Penetration area of border markets of Sardasht, Journal of Development & Management Process, Vol.26, No.4, Pp. 119-134, In Persian.


21. Murshid, K. A. S., & Sokphally, T. (2005): The Cross-Border Economy of Cambodia: An Exploratory Study. Cambodia development resource institute (CDRI).


22. Namdar, M. (2009): Role of certain economic activities in the development of rural areas, case study: Combine owners in Fars Province, Unpublished master thesis, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, In Persian.


23. Panahi, L. & Pishrov, A. (2011): Factors affecting the migration of rural youth to cities, case study: Central District villages in Marvdasht County, Journal of Regional Planning, Vo.1, No.2, Pp. 41-50, In Persian.


24. Roknoddin-e-Eftekhari, A.R., Papoli-e-Yazdi, M. H. & Abdi, E. (2008): Assessment of the economic effects of border markets in the development of border areas, case study: Sheikh Saleh border markets in Salas Babajani county – Kermanshah, Journal of Geopolitics, No. 12, Pp. 82-109, In Persian.


25. Sana, M., & Massey, D.S. (2005): Household composition, family migration, and community context: Migrant remittances in four countries, Social Science Quarterly. No. 86, Pp. 509–28.


26. Shafiee-e-Shabet, N. & Barati-e-Toraghi, A. (2009): The role rural weekly bazaars in economic development of Tehran province villages, Journal of Rural & Development, Vol.13, No.1, Pp. 29-52, In Persian.


27. Shakibaei, A. R., Khalatbari, F. & Mohammadnejad, Y. (2003):  Estimating the underground economy and analyzing the reasons for its formation in Iran using fuzzy logic models, Parliament Researches Center, Pp. 1-65, In Persian.


28. Shaterian, M., Ganjipour, M. & Ashoueiy, A. (2013): Influence of socioeconomic status on smuggling (case study: The Provinces of Sistan and Baluchestan, Bushehr and Kurdistan), Journal of Human Geography Research, Vol.45, No.2, Pp. 157-170, In Persian.


29. Statistic Center of Iran. (2011): Yearbook of Fars province, Lamer county, Tehran: SCI Publication, In Persian.


30. Taherkhani, M. (2000): Re-identifying the factors contributing rural-urban migration with an emphasis on migration of rural youth in Qazvin Province. Journal of Modares, Vol.6, No.2, Pp. 41-60, In Persian.


31. Tayebnia, S. H. & Baradaran, S. (2014): Factors affecting on the diversification of economic activities in border villages of Marivan county, Journal of Police knowledge on Kurdistan, No.19, Pp. 41-66, In Persian.