Physiological Studies on the Toxicity of Nano and Bulk Nickel Oxide in Germinating Seedlings of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Subject Areas : Plant Physiologyهما محمود زاده 1 , Hilda Besharat 2 , Khadijeh Nejad Shahrokhabadi 3 , رمضانعلی خاوری نژاد 4
1 - گروه زیست شناسی/ دانشکده علوم/ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد
2 - Department of Biology, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad,
4 - دانشگاه علوم تحقیقات تهران
Keywords: Foeniculum vulgare, NiO nanoparticle, bulk NiO, germination factors, seedling growth,
Abstract :
The effect of nanoparticles on living organisms is not well understood yet. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles enhance the use of nanotechnology in various fields. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of nano and bulk nickel oxide (0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm) on fennel seed germination and growth was tested in a randomized complete design with four replications. After 14 days of seed treatment, germination factors (germination percent, relative germination percent, mean germination time, germination rate, germination index, and weight germination index) were measured. In general, low nano concentrations and medium bulk concentrations on fennel seed growth showed stimulating effects, while high nano and bulk concentrations showed toxic effects. Therefore, exposure of fennel seeds to low concentrations of NiO nanoparticles and medium concentrations of bulk NiO stimulated seed germination. These concentrations can be used as a new approach to overcome seed germination problems of some plant species, especially medicinal plants such as fennel.
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