Study the drought tolerance of 12 varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Shirvan area

Subject Areas :

Seyed Morteza  Azimzadeh ¹ (Scientific Board, Agronomy Department, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran.)

Received: 2008-07-14 Accepted : 2010-06-14 Published : 2010-09-23

Keywords: Relative water content, Stress susceptibility index, Sstress tolerance index, Elrctolit leakage, Wheat and yield,

Abstract :

    In order to study the drought tolerance of 12 varieties of wheat, an experiment was conducted in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan in the 2004-2005 growing season. The experiment was performed under two separated conditions using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The length and width of each plot was 5 and 1.5 m, respectively. Plant density was 500 seeds per square meter in both experiments. At the early grain filling stage, leaf samples were provided from each plot to determine the leaf electrical conductivity and leaf relative water content. Number of spikes per square meter, grain weight and yield were measured after harvesting. Stress tolerance index (STI) and stress susceptibility index (SSI) were estimated according to grain yield of any variety in both dryland and irrigated conditions. The results of combined analysis showed that  Chamran and Cross-Sabalan produced  2005 and 2310 kg/ha seed yield in irrigated condition, respectivaly that were higher than other varieties. In dryland condition, the yield of  Chamran and Cross-Sabalan were 648 and 551 Kg/ha that were higher than other varieties, as well. Cross-Sablan and Chamran also showed higher drought tolerance index compared with other varieties. Drought tolerance index in the mentioned two varieties was 6.8 and 6.6, respectively. Cross-Sabalan also showed relatively high drought susceptibility index, but Chamran showed higher drought tolerance index and lower drought susceptibility index compared to the other varieties. According to the results, two varieties of Cross-Sablan and Chamran were advisable to plant in regions with limited source of water for irrigation.

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