Evaluation the effect of planting density on yield of different cultivars of sesame

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

karim reyahi kiassari ¹ , shahriar yazdanpanah ² , sobhan ghanbari ³ , abbasali andarkhor ⁴

1 - Agriculture, Gorgan Faculty of Plant Production
2 - Ferdowsi University Mashhad
3 - Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Islamic Republic of Iran
4 - Faculty member of Mazandaran Research Center

Received: 2022-06-23 Published : 2025-09-09

Keywords: Performance components, competition, oilseeds, protein percentage, number of plants per unit area,

Abstract :

Sesame is an annual plant and its height is up to one meter and it is drought resistant .In order to investigate the effect of different planting densities and different sesame cultivars on yield components and percentage of experimental oil as split plot in the form of a basic design, complete random blocks with 9 treatments and 4 replications were performed in 2012 in Sari. Experimental factors including densities of 40, 50, and 60 cm between rows were considered as the main factor and three cultivars of sesame cultivars named Naz, Ultan and Yekta were considered as sub-factors. The measured traits included plant height, harvest index, oil percentage, and protein percentage. The results showed that the effect of cultivars on oil percentage, protein percentage at 1% probability level was significant. The effect of density on plant height is significant at 1% probability level and the number of seeds per capsule at 5% probability level is significant. Also, the results of the mean comparisons showed that the unique sesame cultivar was superior in terms of parameters such as height, number of capsules and seeds in the capsule, and its yield was superior in number and cute cultivar in terms of harvest index. As a general principle, it can be concluded that in selecting planting density, the characteristics of cultivars should be considered and the density should be adjusted in such a way that while using the plant from environmental factors, competition between plants is minimized and maximum economic performance is achieved.

Full-Text:



ارزیابی تاثیر تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد ارقام مختلف گیاه کنجد

 

کریم ریاحی کیاسری1، سبحان الله قنبری2، عباسعلی اندر خور3، شهریار یزدان پناه4*

 

1- دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی اگروتکنولوژی- اکولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. 

2- عضو هیأت علمی، واحد قائمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران.

3- عضو هیأت علمی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی مازندران، مازندران، ایران.

4- دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

 

(shahriar. [e-mail]*  : نویسنده مسئول)

چکیده

کنجد (Sesamum indicum)، گیاهی یکساله و مقاوم به خشکی است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت و ارقام مختلف، بر اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن گیاه کنجد، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپیلت‌پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهارتکرار، اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت (40، 50، 60 سانتی‌متر) فاصله بین ردیف‌ها، به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و سه رقم کنجد (ناز، اولتان، یکتا)، به‌عنوان عامل فرعی، در نظر گرفته شد. صفات اندازه‌گیری شده شامل ارتفاع بوته، شاخص برداشت، درصد روغن و درصد پروتئین بوده است. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که اثر رقم بر درصد روغن و درصد پروتئین در سطح احتمال یک درصد، معنی‌دار بوده است. اثر تراکم کاشت بر ارتفاع بوته در سطح احتمال یک درصد و تعداد دانه در کپسول در سطح احتمال پنج درصد، معنی‌دار شده است. همچنین، نتایج مقایسات میانگین‌ها نشان داد که رقم یکتا از نظر پارامترهایی همچون ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد کپسول، تعداد دانه در کپسول و عملکرد، رقم ناز از نظر شاخص برداشت و رقم اولتان از نظر درصد روغن، بهترین ارقام بوده‌اند. در نهایت، می‌توان چنین نتیجه‌گیری کرد که در انتخاب تراکم کشت، بایستی به ویژگی‌های ارقام توجه‌شده و تراکم به نحوی تنظیم شود که ضمن استفاده گیاه از عوامل محیطی، رقابت بین بوته‌ها به‌حداقل رسیده و حداکثر عملکرد اقتصادی، حاصل شود.

 

کلیدواژه ها: تراکم‌کاشت، درصد پروتئین، درصد روغن، رقابت، کنجد

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Evaluation the effect of planting density on yield of different cultivars of sesame

 

Karim Reyahi Kiassari1, Sobhan Allah Ghanbari2, Abbasali Andarkhor3, Shahriar Yazdanpanah*4

 

1- Ph.D Student of Agro-technology/Ecology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2- Faculty Member, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.

3- Faculty Member, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran.

4- Ph.D Student of Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ferdowsi Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

 

* shahriar. [e-mail] (Corresponding author)

 

Abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is an annual and drought resistant plant. In order to investigate the effect of different planting densities and sesame cultivars on yield components and oil percentage as split plot based on random complete blocks design (CRBD) with four replications were performed. Experimental factors including plant density (40, 50, 60 cm) between rows as main factor and three cultivars of sesame (Naz, and Yekta) as sub-factors were considered. The measured traits included plant height, harvest index, oil percentage, and protein percentage. The results showed that the effect of cultivars on oil percentage, protein percentage was significant at 1% probability level. The effect of plant density on plant height at 1% and the number of seeds per capsule at 5% probability level was significant. Also, the results of the mean comparisons showed that Yekta in terms of parameters such as plant height, number of capsule, number of seed/capsule and yield, Naz in terms of harvest index and Ultan in terms of oil percentage have been best cultivars. Finally, it can be concluded that in selecting planting density, the characteristics of cultivars should be considered and the density should be adjusted in such a way that while using the plant from environmental factors, competition between plants is minimized and maximum economic performance is achieved.

 

Keywords: Competition, Oil percentage, Planting density, Protein percentage, Sesame

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