The Effect of the Corresponding Movement of the Upper and Lower Limbs on the 3D Maximum Mechanical Power of the Hip Joint During Walking
Subject Areas : Health populationRazieh Yousefian Molla 1 , Heydar Sadeghi 2
1 - Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad university Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
2 - Department of Sports Biomechanics and Injuries, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Mechanical Power, Upper Limb, Hip Joint, Gait,
Abstract :
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the corresponding movement of the upper limb and the lower limb on the three-dimensional maximum mechanical power of the hip joint during walking. Methods: 30 healthy women walk at their chosen speed in two normal situations and the state of simultaneous and corresponding movement of the upper and lower limbs on the path of the force plate and in front of the motion analysis cameras. Based on the output data of the high-power devices, the mechanical strength of the right and left hip joints of the subjects was estimated in two situations and analyzed by paired t-test. Results: Except for the mechanical power produced by the right and left hip in the sagittal plane and the absorbing mechanical power of the left hip in the frontal plane, other variables of the mechanical power of the hip did not show significant differences in the three-dimensional plane. Conclusion: The swing of the arm as a movement corresponding to the lower limb while walking does not have a direct effect on the mechanical power of the hip joint, and the main importance in this context is the existence of this swing due to the discharge of force and energy from the ground, either in the form of creating a corresponding movement or not. The movement is inconsistent.
1. Fearon C, Bhowmick SS, Tosserams A, Di Luca DG, Liao J, Nonnekes J, et al. Arm swing while walking and running: a new clinical feature to separate Parkinson's disease from functional parkinsonism. Movement Disorders Clinical Practice. 2024;11(2):166-70.
2. Yousefian Molla R, Sadeghi H, Kiani A. Symmetry or Asymmetry of Lower Limb 3D-Mechanical Muscle Power in Female Athletes’ Gait. Journal of Advanced Sport Technology. 2023;7(2):12-22.
3. Yousefian-Molla R, Sadeghi H, Farahmand F, Azarbayjani MA. The Effect of Removal Arm Swing on 3-Dimentional Body Center of Mass Displacement during Gait. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2019;37(543):1088-91.
4. Weersink JB, Maurits NM, van Laar T, de Jong BM. Enhanced arm swing improves Parkinsonian gait with EEG power modulations resembling healthy gait. Parkinsonism & related disorders. 2021;91:96-101.
5. Flinn SR, Craven K. Upper limb casting in stroke rehabilitation: rationale, options, and techniques. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation. 2014;21(4):296-302.
6. Zampier VC, Vitorio R, Beretta VS, Jaimes DA, Orcioli-Silva D, Santos PC, et al. Gait bradykinesia and hypometria decrease as arm swing frequency and amplitude increase. Neuroscience letters. 2018;687:248-52.
7. Yousefian R, Sadeghi H, Farahmand F, Azarbayjani MA. Effect of upper extremity splinting on walking speed and cadence. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;9(1):252-8.
8. Dreyfuss D, Elbaz A, Mor A, Segal G, Calif E. The effect of upper limb casting on gait pattern. International journal of rehabilitation research. 2016;39(2):176-80.
9. Bahrilli T, Topuz S. Does immobilization of the shoulder in different positions affect gait? Gait & Posture. 2022;91:254-9.
10. Umberger BR. Effects of suppressing arm swing on kinematics, kinetics, and energetics of human walking. Journal of biomechanics. 2008;41(11):2575-80.
11. Ortega JD, Fehlman LA, Farley CT. Effects of aging and arm swing on the metabolic cost of stability in human walking. Journal of biomechanics. 2008;41(16):3303-8.
12. Yousefian Molla R, Sadeghi H. Effect of Changes of Upper Extremity Pattern Movements on Biomechanical Variables of Gait: A Systematic Review. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;9(2):298-310.
13. Krebs DE, Robbins CE, Lavine L, Mann RW. Hip biomechanics during gait. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1998;28(1):51-9.
14. Stagni R, Leardini A, Cappozzo A, Benedetti MG, Cappello A. Effects of hip joint centre mislocation on gait analysis results. Journal of biomechanics. 2000;33(11):1479-87.
15. Sadeghi H, Allard P, Prince F, Labelle H. Symmetry and limb dominance in able-bodied gait: a review. Gait & posture. 2000;12(1):34-45.
16. Robertson DGE, Caldwell GE, Hamill J, Kamen G, Whittlesey S. Research methods in biomechanics: Human kinetics; 2013.
17. Winter DA. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
18. Molla RY. The Effect of Dominant and Non-dominant Upper Limb Splinting on 3-D Mechanical Muscle Power of Ankle Joint During Walking. Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies. 2024(In Press).
19. Takami A, Cavan S, Makino M. Effects of arm swing on walking abilities in healthy adults restricted in the Wernicke-Mann’s limb position. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2020;32(8):502-5.
20. Objero CN, Wdowski MM, Hill MW. Can arm movements improve postural stability during challenging standing balance tasks? Gait & Posture. 2019;74:71-5.
21. Bruijn SM, Meijer OG, Beek PJ, Van Dieen JH. The effects of arm swing on human gait stability. Journal of experimental biology. 2010;213(23):3945-52.
