Comparing the Efficacy of Two Copper Fungicides in Controlling Peach Leaf Curl Disease

Zohreh  Jahani Hossein Abadi ¹ (Ph.D student in Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran)
Mahdi Mohammadi Moghadam ² (Crop and Horticultural Sciences Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Semnan, AREEO, Shahrood, Iran)
Hojjatollah  Rabbani Nasab ³ (Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Golestan, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran)
Hamid  Namvar Hamzanlue ⁴ (Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of North Khorasan, AREEO, Bojnord, Iran)
Majid Aldaghi ⁵ (Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan-Razavi, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran)
Hossein  Khabbaz-Jolfaee ⁶ (Department of Plant Pathology, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran)

Submited date : 2023-12-27 accepted date : 2024-04-06

Keywords: Chemical control, Peach leaf curl, Disease incidence, Disease severity, Badge®,

Abstract :

Peach leaf curl disease, caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul., is one of the most serious peach diseases, causing quantitative and qualitative damage to crops across Iran each year. In current study, the efficacy of two new fungicides, Badge®WG280 and Barzidox®WP85%, was evaluated in controlling peach leaf curl disease. The experiment was conducted in Golestan, Semnan and North Khorasan using a randomized complete block design with ten treatments and four replications. Treatments included 0.75, 1, and 1.2 ml l-1 of Badge®WG280 (copper hydroxid+copper oxychloride), 2, 4, and 6 g.l-1 of Barzidox®WP85% (copperoxychloride), 2.5 ml l-1 of Nordox®WG75% (copperoxide(, 3 g l-1 of Captan, and controls (with and without water spraying). Treatments were applied at three physiological stages (the first in autumn after the leaves had fallen, the second at the end of March before the bud had swollen, and the third after the petals had dropped). Disease incidence and severity percentage were determined. Duncan's multiple range test was used to compare the mean disease severity and incidence percentages. The results showed that 6g l-1 of Barzidox® had the highest efficacy in reducing disease severity compared to the control in Golestan and Semnan provinces, with 81% and 80% respectively. Furthermore, the best performance of two indicator fungicides, Nordox® and Captan were 73% and 72% in Golestan province and 67% and 68%, in Semnan province, respectively. According to the results, it is concluded that 1.2ml.l-1 of Badge® and 4g.l-1 of Barzidox® have the best efficiency in controlling the peach leaf curl disease.

References:

1. Pscheidt J.W., 1995. Leaf curl. In: Compendium of Stone Fruit Diseases. Ogawa J.M., Zehr E.I., Bird G.W., Ritchie D.F., Uriu K., Uyemoto J.K., Eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
2. Ciobanu R., 2012. The influence of Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. (Peach leaf curl) attack on the activity of some oxidoreductases in cultivar Cardinal. Food and Environment Safety. 8, 30-35.
3. Lalancette N., 2012. Peach leaf curl epidemiology and control. Plant & Pest Advisory. 16, 1-7. https://dokument.pub/february-28-2012-plant-amp-pest-advisory-flipbook-pdf.html.
4. Rossi V., Languasco L., 2007. Influence of environmental conditions on spore production and budding in Taphrina deformans, the causal agent of peach leaf curl. Phytopathology. 97, 359-365.
5. Rossi V., Bolognesi M., Languasco L., Giosue S., 2006. Influence of environmental conditions on infection of peach shoots by Taphrina deformans. Phytopathology. 96, 155-163.
6. Molnar J., 1967. Effect of weather conditions on the development and spread of peach leaf curl (T. deformans). Mycopathologia. 88, 115-125.
7. Thomidis T., Rossi V., Exadaktylou E., 2010. Evaluation of a disease forecast model for peach leaf curl in the Prefecture of Imathia, Greece. Crop Protection. 29, 1460-1465. DOI.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.08.005.
8. Sharma I.M., Badyiala S.D., 1994. Susceptibility of peach to Taphrina deformans in relation to blooming, environmental factors and genetic inheritance. Indian Phytopathology. 47, 65-71.
9. Tale K.G., Gawith R. S., Creah L.H., Hunt A.W., 1991. Fungicides, rates, and timing for leaf curl control on nectarine. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science. 19, 291-295.
10. Tale K.G., Van der Mespel G.J., 1985. Control of peach leaf curl. Orchardist of New Zealand. 58, 94-95.
11. Seong Yong C., Jong Pil L., San Young K., Yeun Dae C., Jae Tak Y., Soo Kob Y., 1998. Control of leaf curl disease caused by Taphrina deformans in peach. Rda Journal of Crop Protection. 40, 38-43.
12. Van Zwieten M., Stovold G., Van Zwieten L., 2007. Alternatives to Copper for Disease Control in the Australian Organic Industry. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Press, Australia. 82 pp. https://agrifutures.com.au /wp-content /uploads/ publications / 07 - 110. pdf.
13. Lesnik M., Gabersek V., Kurnik V., 2009. The use of copper-based fungicides and their prospects for the future. Proceedings of lectures and papers of the 9th Slovenian Conference on Plant Protection, Nova Gorica, pp.47-58.
14. Khabbaz Jolfaee H., Azimi S., 2011. A Guidebook for Optimum Application of Licensed Pathogenicides in Iran (Scientific & Practical), 1st ed., Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Press.
15. Keymak S., Boyraz N., Bastas K.K., 2008. Susceptibility of some peach and nectarine varieties to leaf curl disease (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) in field conditions. The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology. 37, 27-37.
16. Kavak H., 2005. Reaction of some peach (Prunus persica) varieties to the leaf curl disease caused by Taphrina deformans arid district of Turkey. Plant Pathology Journal. 4, 75-77.
17. Khabbaz Jolfaee H., Rabbani Nasab H., Aldaghi M., Bakhtiari M.H., 2017. Evaluation of the efficacy of copper oxychloride (WP 35%) fungicide of different companies on controlling peach leaf curl disease caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. Final report by 54283 number. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Press. Iran. 14 pp. [In Persian].
18. Rabbani Nasab H., Aghajani nasab M.A., Mohammadipour M., Khabbaz Jolfaee H., 2015. Evaluation of the efficacy of copper oxide on controlling peach leaf curl disease caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. Plant Extension Journal. 12, 33-37.
19. Cucak M., 2015.Performance of copper fungicides for control of fungal disease in peach. Master thesis, University of Maribor, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Maribor.
20. Khabbaz Jolfaee H., Keshavarz K., Rabbani Nasab H., Aldaghi M., 2018. Evaluation of the efficacy of Copper Volck on controlling peach leaf curl disease caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. Final report by 5576 number. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Press. Iran. pp. 17. [In Persian].
21. Kurnik V., Gabersek V., Unuk T., Tonjko S., Vogrin A., Vajs S., Lnsik M., 2012. Influence of alternative copper fungicide formulations on copper content in apple fruits. Erwerbs - Obstbau. 54, 161-170. DOI: 10.1007/s10341-012-0172-9.
22. Anonymous, 2008. Copper Facts. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of pesticide programs. EPA document 738-F-06-014. https://archive. epa.gov /pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/copper_red_fs.pdf.
23. Gordon E.B., Captan and Folpet. In: Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, 2nd ed., Krieger R.I., Ed., Inc. North American. 2001. pp. 1711-1743.