Distribution and population density of the cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera Spp.) in rain-fed fields of wheat and barley of the Markazi province
Subject Areas : New Finding in AgricultureM. Hajihasani 1 , A. Hajihasani 2 , M. Ghalandar 3
1 - Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
2 - Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
3 - Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi, Iran
Keywords: Population density, Distribution, Cereal cyst nematodes, Markazi province,
Abstract :
The cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important soil-born pathogens on wheat and barley throughout the world. The two species of the cereal cyst nematodes, H. filipjevi and H. latiponsare widely distributed in Iran, but H. avenae has limited distribution. A field survey was conducted for determining of distribution regions and population density of the cereal cyst nematodesin Markazi province in 2009. In this study 83 soil sample of wheat and barley fields were taken from Arak, Shazand, Farmahin, Ashtian, Komijan, Tafresh, Zarandieh, Mahallat, Khomein and Saveh regions. The modified Fenwick can technique was used to extract cysts from the soil. Based on the morphological characteristics of the second stage juveniles and the vulval cone structures, two species were identified as H. filipjevi and H. latipons. The results showed that H. filipjevi was the most dominant species in both wheat and barley fields, whereas, H. latipons was found on wheat in Khomein and Zarandieh regions. H. filipjevi had more distribution and population density in Farmahin, Tafresh and Khomein regions in comparison to other regions. The cereal cyst nematodes were found in 39.7% of rain-fed fields of wheat and barley of the Markazi province. The most of nematode population density was determined (20-40 cyst per 300 g of soil) in some cereal fields that can be as one of limiting factor in yield reduction.
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