An effect of drought stress by PEG on the morphological characterizes and yields in Hull-less barley

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

Javad Einali ¹ , Abas ali Nourinia ² , GHadir Tahery ³ , Elyas Soltani ⁴

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نیشابور
2 - عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان
3 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نیشابور، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، نیشابور، ایران
4 - محقق مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان

Received: 2015-12-02 Accepted : 2015-12-02 Published : 2010-10-23

Keywords: Drought stress, Grain yield, hulless barley,

Abstract :

      This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of drought stress on the morphologic characterizes and yield of Hull- less barley. This research was conducted as CRD with 6 replications and 4 levels of drought stress in green house. Drought levels were check (D1) with -0.3 MP, low stress (D2) with -0.6 MP, medium drought (D3) with -0.9 MP and sever drought (D4) with -1.2 MP. Results indicated that drought stress significantly influenced on main stem length, ear length, plant high, percent of unfertile tillers, percent of fertile tillers, grain number in main ear, weight of 1000 grains and yield. Pod yields of -0.3 MP, -0.6 MP, -0.9 MP and -1.2 MP were respectively about 55, 46, 42 and 33 g per pod. While drought stress had no significantly effect on number of total tillers, main stem dry weight, tillers dry weight and leaf dry weight. 

References:

1 – امام ، ی . 1386. زراعت غلات . چاپ دوم ، انتشارات دانشگاه شیراز .190 صفحه.

2 – امام ، ی. و م ، نیک نژاد . 1373. مقدمه ای بر فیزیولوژی عملکرد گیاهان زراعی (ترجمه) انشارات دانشگاه شیراز. 571 ص.

3- پیروزنیا، م.، نعمت زاده، ق. و کیانوش، غ. 1377. بررسی و تعیین همبستگی عملکرد و اجزای آن با بعضی از صفات مهم زراعی گندم به روش تجزیه ی علیت. چکیده مقالات پنجمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات. انتشارات موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.

4- رشیدی، و.، مقدم، م. و خدابنده، ن. 1377. مطالعه همبستگی عملکرد با اجزای آن از طریق تجزیه علیت در گندم های بهاره بومی آذربایجان شرقی- چکیده مقالات پنجمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات. صفحه 107. موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر. کرج.

5- صوفی، س. 1369. تغذیه دام. (ترجمه). انتشارات عمیدی تبریز. 644ص.

6- یعقوب فر، ا. و فضائلی، ح. 1378. تعیین انرژی زایی جو بدون پوسته در تغذیه طیور، مجله پژوهش و سازندگی، جلد4، شماره 45، ص122- 123 ص.

7- Boyer, J.S.1968. Plant physiol. 43:1056-62.

8- Ciha, A.J., W.A. Brun. 1975. Crop Sci. 15:309-313.

9- Davidson, J.L. and J.W. Birch. 1978. Response of a standard Australian and a mexican wheat to temperature and water stress. Aust.J. Agric. Res. 29: 1091-1106.

10- Duysen, M.E. and T.P. Free man. 1974. Effects of moderate water deficits on wheat seedling growth and plastid pigment development. Plant physiol. 31:262-266

11- Evans, L.T. and R.L. Dunstone. 1970. Some physiological aspects of evoluation in wheat. Aust. J.Biol. Sci. 23:725-741

12- Evans, L.T., J.Binghman, B. Jackson and J. Sutherland. 1972. Effects of awns and drought on the supply of photosynthate and its distribution whitin wheat ears. Ann. Apple. Biol. 70:67-76.

13- Garcia del Moral, L.F., Y.Rharrabti, D.Villegas and C.Royo. 2003. Evaluation of grain yield and its components in durum Wheat under Mediterranean conditions: An ontogenic approach. Agron. J.95:200-274.

14- Giunta, F., R. Motzo and M. Deidda. 1993. Effects of drought no yield components of durum wheat and triticale in a mediterraneum environment. Field crops Res. 33: 399-409.

15- Innes, P., J. Hoogendoom, and R.D. Blackwell. 1985. Effects of differences in date of ear emergence and height on yield of winter wheat. J. Agric. Sci., Cambridge. 105: 543- 549.

16- Innes, P., R. D. Blackwell, R. B. Austin, and M. A. Ford. 1981. The effects of selection for number of ears on the yield and water economy of winter wheat. J. Agric. Sci., Cambridge, 97: 523- 532.

17- Jones, H. G. and Kirby, E. J. M. 1977. Effects of manipulation of number of tillers and water supply on grain yield in barley. J. Agric. Sci Cambridge. 88: 391- 397.

18- Johnston, A. M. and D. E. Fowler. 1992. Response of no- till winter wheat to nitrogen fertilization and drought stress. Can.J. plants Sci. 72: 1057- 1089.

19- Johnson, R. C. and E.T. Kanemasu. 1982. The influence of water availability on winter wheat yields. Can.J. plant

Sci. 62: 831-833.

20- Mac Nicol, P. K., J. V. Jacobsen, M. M. Keys, and I. M. Sturt. 1993. Effect of heat and water stress on quality and grain parameters of Schooner barley grown in cabinets. Journal of cereal Science, 18: 61-68.

21- Martin, R. J., P. D. Jamieson, R. N. Gillespie and S. Maley. 2001. Effect of timing and intensity of drought on the yield of oats (Avena satival.). proceeding of the 10th Australian Agronomy conference. Newzealano Institute for crop & Food Research limited, Christchurch, New Iealand.

22- Morgan, J.  M. 1977. Changes in diffusive conductance and water potential of wheat plants before and after anthesis. Aust.J. plant physiol. 4: 75-86.

23- Navas, L. J. 1975. Effect of soil water stress on growth of barley. Dissertation Abstracts International, 35: 8, 3715.

24- Pantuwan, G., S. Fukai, M. Cooper, S. Rajatasereeku and J. and C. O'Toole. 2002. Yield response of rice (oryza sativa L.) genotypes to different types of drought under rainfed lowlands. Part 1. Grain yield and yield components. Field crops Res. 73: 153- 168.

25- Roshanfekr, H. A. 2001. Determination of raw energy and metabolize able energy of Hull- les barley and possibility of replacing with corn for poultry food. Ahvaz agriculture

Sci. 24(1): 23-33.

26- Royo, C., M. Abaza, Blanco, R. and L. F. Garcia del moral. 2000. Triticale grain growth and morphometry as affected by drought stress, late sowing and simulated drought stress. Aust. J. Plant physiol. 27: 1051-5059.

27- Shaw, R. H. and D. R. Laing. 1976. In plant Environment and efficient water use,ed. W.H. Pierre et al. Madison, wis: American society of Agronomy.

28- Siani, H. S. and D. Aspinall. 1981. Effects of water deficit on sporogensis in wheat. Ann. Bot. 43: 623-633.

29- Sterling, J. D. E. and H. G. Nass. 1981. Comparison of tests characterizing varieties of barley and wheat for moisture resistance. Can.J. plant Sci. 61: 283-292.

30- Thomas, and S. Fukai. 1995. Growth and yield response of barley and chickpea to water stress under three environments southeast Queensland. 1. Light interception, crop growth and grain yield. Australian journal of Agricultural Research, 46: 17-33.

31- Wardlow, I. F. 1971. The early stages of grain development in wheat. Response to water stress in a single variety. Aust. J. Biol.

Sci. 24: 1047-1055.

32- Yazdanseta, S., Karimzadeh, G. H.  and Tahmasbi Sarvestani, Z. A. 2004. Karyotypical assessment of some genotypes of Hull- Less barley. Iran Agriculture Sci. 35(4): 857-837.

33- Zhong- hu, I. I. and S. Rajaram. 1994. Differential response of bread wheat characters to high temperature. Euphytica 72: 197-200.