Effect of sowing density and nitrogen rate on weeds biomass and some of agronomic traits of grain corn 640

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

M.  Soleimani ¹ (Ms. C. Student, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Dept., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran)
B.  Mirshekari ² (Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)

Received: 2015-11-22 Accepted : 2015-11-22 Published : 2013-10-23

Keywords: nitrogen, Density, Weed Biomass, Grain corn,

Abstract :

To study effect of sowing density and nitrogen rate on weeds biomass and some of agronomic traits in grain corn 640 an experiment was conducted in 2013 in research field of Jihad-e- Keshacarzi of Khosroshahr in Nojedeh village in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Studied factors in this experiment were crop density (8, 10 and 12 plants per square meter) and nitrogen fertilizer rate (100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1). Results showed that increasing of density resulted in reduction of biomass of weeds to 27.2% and grain weight increasing in square meter (28.2%) and 300 grain weight. Nitrogen increased maize ear and wood diameter. Number of grains in ear row effected by 10 plants and 300 kg nitrogen ha-1 and showed the higher value (14.7%). It can be suggested that increasing corn density and using 300 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer could be a procedure for decreasing reductions resulted from competitive weeds.

References:

1-  امیری، ژ.، توکلی، ا.، راستگو، م.، یوسفی، ع. و جلال، ص. 1390. بررسی تاثیر تراکم ذرت و رقابت علف هرز بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ذرت. اولین کنگره ملی علوم و فناوریهای نوین کشاورزی، 19 الی 21 شهریور 1390، دانشگاه زنجان.

2-  ایزدی، م.ح. و امام، ی. 1389. اثر آرایش کاشت، تراکم بوته و سطوح نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه ای رقم سینگل کراس 704. مجله علوم زراعی ایران. شماره 12، جلد 3: صفحه 251-239.

3-  تیموری، م.، باغستانی، م.ع.، زند، ا.، مدنی، ح. و بانکه ساز، ا. 1390. بررسی تاثیر تراکم ذرت و شیوه های مختلف مدیریت علف های هرز در مزارع ذرت. مجله دانش علف های هرز، شماره ی7: صفحه 73-47.

4-  صابری، ع.، فیض بخش، م.ت.، مختارپور، ح.، مساوات، ا. و عسکر، م. 1389. اثر تراکم بوته و آرایش کاشت بر روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ذرت دانه ای رقم سینگل کراس 704. مجله به زراعی نهال و بذر. شماره 26، جلد 2: صفحه 136-123.

5-  موسوی، س.ک.، زند، ا. و باغستانی، م. 1382. رقابت لوبیا و تاج خروس در سطوح مختلف تراکم گیاهی. مجله پژوهشهای زراعی ایران، شماره 1، جلد 2: 281-292.

6-   یدوی، ع. ر.، آقاعلیخانی، م.، قلاوند، ا. و زند، ا. 1385. اثر تراکم بوته و آرایش کاشت بر عملکرد و شاخص‌های رشد ذرت دانه‌ای Zea maiz L.)) تحت رقابت با علف‌هرز تاج خروس ریشه قرمز. پژوهش در آب، خاک و گیاه در کشاورزی. جلد 6، شماره 3: صفحه 46-31.

7-  یوسف آبادی، و. و عبداللهیان نوقابی،م. 1390. اثر تقسیط کود نیتروژن و زمان برداشت بر عملکرد ریشه و خصوصیات کیفی چغندرقند . مجله علوم زراعی ایران: شماره 13، جلد 3: صفحه 532-521.

8-     Abubakr, S. 2008. Effect of plant Density on Flowerning Date. Yield and Quality Attribute of Bush Beans (Phaseolus Vulgarisl L.) under Center Pivot Irrigation System. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological sciences. 3(4): 666-668

9-     Carlson, H.L. and Hill J.E. 1986. Wild oat (Avena fatua) competition with spring wheat: effects of nitrogen fertilization. Weed Sci., 34:29-33.

10-   Cathcart, R.J. and Swanton C.J. 2004. Nitrogen and green foxtail (Setaria viridis) competition effects on corn growth and development. Weed Sci., 52:1039-1049.

11-   DiTomaso J.M. 1995. Approaches for improving crop competitiveness through the manipulation of fertilization strategies. Weed Sci., 43:491-497.

12-   Evans, S. P., Kenzevic, S. Z., Lindquist, J. L., Shapiro, C. A. and Blankenship, E.F. 2003. Nitrogen application influences the critical period for weed control in corn. Weed Science. 51: 408-417.

13-   Gimplinger, D. M., Erley, G. S., Dobosc, G. and Kaul, H. P. 2008. Optimum crop densities for potential yield and harvestable yield of grain amaranth are conflicting. European Journal Agronomy. 28: 119-125.

14-   Louis, D., Prioul, J. and Dugue, M. 1992. Source-sink manipulation and carbohydrate metabolism in maize.crop sci.32:751-756.

15-   Makrian, H., Banaian, m., rahimian, H. and Isadi darbandi, E. 2003. planting date and population density influence on competitivess of corn (Zea mays L.) With redroot pigweed (Amarantus retorflexus L.) Iran j.crop Res .2:271-279.

16-   Mclachlan, S. M., Tollenaar, M., Swanton, C. J. and Weise, S. F. 1993. Effect of corn-induced shading on dry matter acumulation, distribution architecture of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Weed Sci. 41: 568-573.

17-   Nordby, Dawn., Hartzler, E. and Robert, G. 2005. Influence of corn on common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) growth and fecundity. Weed Sci. 52:255-259.

18-   Nurse, E. R. and Ditommaso, A. 2005. Corn competition alters the germinability of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seeds. Weed Science. 53: 479-488.

19-   Richard, k. and Rodnecy, g. 2000. Identification and control of field bindweed.Weed sci.w-802 (revised).

20-   Roth, B. E., Li, X., Huber, D. A.  and Peter. G.F.  2007. Effects of management intensity genetics and planting density on wood stiffness in a plantation of juvenile loblolly pine in the southeasten USA. Forest Ecology and Management. 246: 155-162.

21-   Saberi, A.R., Mazaheri, D. and Heidari Sharif Abad, H. 2006. Effect of density and planting on yield and some agronomic characteristics of maize KSC647. Agriculture and Natural Resources Science 1:67-76.

22-   Sibuga, K.P. and Bandeen J.D. 1980. Effects of various densities of green foxtail (Setaria viridis L. Beav.) and lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) on N uptake and yields of corn. E. Afric. Agric. For. J. 45:214-221.

23-   Teyker, R.H., Hoelzer H.D. and Liebl R.A. 1991. Maize and pigweed response to nitrogen supply and form. Plant Soil., 135:287-292.

24-   Tharp, B.E. and Kells, J. J. 2001. Effect of glufosinate – resistant corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on light interception, corn yield, and common lambsquarters growth. Weed Technol. 15: 413 – 418.

25-   Tollenaar, M., Nissanka, S.P., Aguilera, A., Weise, S.F. and Swanton, C.J. 1994. Effect of weed interference and soil nitrogen on four maize hybrids. Agron. J., 86:596-601. 

26-   Upadhyaya, M.K. and Blackshaw, R.E. 2007. Non-chemical Weed Management, Principles, Concepts and Technology. CAB International Publishing. 239 pp.

27-   Weidong, L. and Tollenear, M. 2009. Response of yield heterosis to increasing plant density in maize. Crop Science. 49: 1807-1816.