Investigation the effect of different levels of water stress, nitrogen and seed density on the Silybum marianum seed yield
Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology
S.M. Abtahi
1
(مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
H. Zainali
2
(مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
Keywords: Silybum marianum, Grain yield, Harvest index, compositae,
Abstract :
Silybum marianum is one of the important medical plants used in pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of different levels of water stress, nitrogen and plant density on seed yield. Irrigation treatments included three levels: 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation from evaporation pan. The second factor was included 0, 75 and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare, and the third factor was plant density included 20, 40 and 60 cm distance between rows. The results showed that the different levels of irrigation treatments, nitrogen and plant density had a significant effect on number of seed per m2, seed yield in each plant and harvest index. The highest plant height was to 50 mm evaporation, plant density 20 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The maximum number of seed per m2 (476.75 g) was related to 50 mm evaporation, density 20 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The maximum seed yield in each plant (26.35 g) was measured on 50 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen. The maximum harvest index was achieved by 50 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The lowest seed yield per square meter (64.47 g) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The lowest seed yield per plant (6.42 g) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 40 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare and minimum harvest index (0.042) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 40 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per ha. Silybum marianum is one of the important medical plants used in pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of different levels of water stress, nitrogen and plant density on seed yield. Irrigation treatments included three levels: 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation from evaporation pan. The second factor was included 0, 75 and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare, and the third factor was plant density included 20, 40 and 60 cm distance between rows. The results showed that the different levels of irrigation treatments, nitrogen and plant density had a significant effect on number of seed per m2, seed yield in each plant and harvest index. The highest plant height was to 50 mm evaporation, plant density 20 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The maximum number of seed per m2 (476.75 g) was related to 50 mm evaporation, density 20 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The maximum seed yield in each plant (26.35 g) was measured on 50 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen. The maximum harvest index was achieved by 50 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The lowest seed yield per square meter (64.47 g) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 60 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare. The lowest seed yield per plant (6.42 g) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 40 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per hectare and minimum harvest index (0.042) was achieved by 150 mm evaporation, density 40 cm and 150 kg nitrogen per ha.
