Identifying and compiling a combined model of social factors affecting the social tolerance of the spectators of the Iranian Football Premier League

Subject Areas : Social issues of Iran

mohammadreza baniasadi ¹ , Bahram Ghadimi ² , Kaveh Khabiri ³ , zahra alipourdarvish ⁴ , shahla hajjat ⁵

1 - PhD Student, Department of Sociology of Sport, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Sociology of Sport, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
5 - Assistant Professor Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Received: 2021-06-10 Accepted : 2022-03-20 Published : 2022-02-20

Keywords: interaction, Social Tolerance, Combined Research method, football spectators,

Abstract :

 Social tolerance is one of the vital concepts in the humanities and a factor in strengthening and facilitating interaction between individuals at different levels in society.  The present article seeks to identify and develop a sociological model of social tolerance for spectators of the Iranian Football Premier League by using the theoretical foundations of social tolerance in the field of sociology and by a combined research method.  The present research has been done in two stages, in the qualitative stage the grounded theory method (Strauss and Corbin) and in the quantitative stage the survey method has been used.  The statistical population of the spectators of the Iranian Football Premier League was 17 quality qualitative samples and 399 quantitative samples were selected.  The sampling method was snowball in the qualitative stage and quota in the quantitative stage.  Coding method was used to analyze the data in the qualitative part and multivariate regression was used in the quantitative part.  After combining the results of qualitative and quantitative research, a combined model of spectator social tolerance was presented, which will have consequences such as empathetic interaction and well-being of football spectators.