The Effectiveness of Mindfulness – based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on Emotional Regulation and Self Awareness of Teenage Girls

Subject Areas : Psychology

Mavash  Izadi ¹ (MA. General Psychology, Payam Noor University, South Tehran, Tehran, Iran)
Mohammad Ehsan  Taghizadeh ² (Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Payam Noor University, South Tehran, Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2021-02-11 Accepted : 2021-04-05 Published : 2021-03-21

Keywords: effectiveness, self-awareness, Emotional regulation, cognitive therapy, mindfulness,

Abstract :

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the mindfulness – based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on emotional regulation and self – awareness of teenage girls in district 2 of Tehran. This research was done in a quasi – experimental manner with a pretest and post test and a control group in the function of intervention. Among 30 teenage girls aged 13 to 17 (divided in to 15 girls in experimental groups and 15 in control groups) who had already referred to Mental Rehabilitation Center of Tehran Province, District 2 during 2018 -2019. Data collection tools were the application of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnowski et al (2001) and the Fenigstein et al self-awareness questionnaire (1975).  The findings of this research rejected the initial hypothesis i.e. the mindfulness based cognitive therapy does not have an impact on emotional regulation and self-awareness of teenage girls. It should be mentioned that the acquired results are only applicable for the present sample group i.e. the teenage girls and due to the type of statistical population the research findings may change. For example, the results of this experiment might be quite different for people with special diseases and addiction. Also age and environmental conditions (especially in the present time with the pandemic conditions of Covid 19) along with other factors such as sex and mental conditions might create completely different results. These are the factors categorized as interfering factors that are not considered as the objectives of this study.   

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Narimani, M., Ariapooran, S., Abolghasemi, A. and Ahadi, B. (2011). Comparison of the effectiveness of mindfulness training and emotion regulation on the mental health of chemical warfare victims. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2(4):93-117(In Persian).

Pasandideh, R. (2016). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on increasing well-being, Journal of Thought and Behavior, 11(41) 7-16(In Persian).

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Tang, Y., Tang, R. and Gross, R (2019). Promoting Psychological Well-Being Through an Evidence - Based Mindfulness Training Program, PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE Front. Hum.

Validi Pak, A., Shadieh Moeini Manesh, K. (2014). The effectiveness of mindfulness on increasing optimism in pregnant women with diabetes, Health Quarterly, 4 (14): 62-78. (In Persian)

Yarmohammadi Wasel, M., Alipour, F., Bastami, M., Zolfaghari Nia, M. and Bazazzadeh, N (2015). The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between behavioral and impulsive brain systems, Quarterly Journal of Neuropsychology, 1(2): 51-67(In Persian)

 

Agha Bagheri, H., Mohammadkhani, P., Omrani, S. Farahmand, v. (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy on increasing subjective well-being and hope in ms patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 4(1): 23 - 31 (In Persian).

Alemdianati, F. and Moheb, N. (2017). The effect of mindfulness-based cognitive-therapeutic education on reducing negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, Scientific-Research Journal of Education and Evaluation, 10(40)171-188.

Armstrong, L. and Rimes, K. A. (2016). Mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy for neuroticism (stress vulnerability): A pilot randomized study. Behavior therapy, 47(3) 287-298.

Azargun, H. and Kajbaf, M. (2011). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on reducing dysfunctional attitudes and spontaneous thoughts of depressed students at the University of Isfahan. Journal of Psychology, 53 ،14(1)13-20.

Bahreini, N. and Jashoghani, O.(2019). Comparison of emotional regulation and self-awareness in normal and delinquent adolescents, thought and behavior, 13(52)237:-242 (In Persian).

Etemadi, O., Fatehizadeh, M. and Khodamrad Momeni, S. M. (2017). Acceptance and Commitment Based Therapy for Interpersonal Problems: (with group therapy method) University Press (Kermanshah) (In Persian).

Falkenström, F. (2010). Studying mindfulness in experienced meditators: A quasi-experimental approach. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(3): 305-310.

Golpour Chamarkouhi, R, Amini, M (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on improving mindfulness and increasing assertiveness in couples with test anxiety. Journal of School Psychology, 1(3)82-100 (In Persian).

Gross JJ (2015). Handbook of Emotion Regulation. New York: Guilford Publications

Ismailian, N., Tahmasian, K., Dehghani, M. and Mutabi, F. (2015). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on emotional regulation, conscious attention and acceptance in children of divorce, Journal of Clinical Psychology Achievements, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, 1(2)45-66. (In Persian).

Jafari, A., Hosseini, M. and Fazeli, M. (2018). The effect of self-awareness and emotion management skills training on increasing resilience and happiness of women heads of households, Journal of Social Work, 2(8):41-76(In Persian).

Kabat – zinn, J. (2011). Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and. mind to face stress, pain and illness. New York: Dell Publishing.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2008). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144–156.

Mokhtari, F. and Zolfaghari, M. (2018). The relationship between mindfulness and emotion regulation with academic procrastination in high school students in Tehran, Journal of Educational Studies, Center for Studies and Development of Medical Education, Army University of Medical Sciences, 2(7):40-48(In Persian).

Mousavian, N.; Moradi, A.S., Mirzaei, J., Shiadfar, F., Mahmoudi Kahriz, B. and Taheri, F. (2010). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on obesity reduction, Journal of Thought and Behavior, 16 (4): 49-55(In Persian).

Narimani, M., Ariapooran, S., Abolghasemi, A. and Ahadi, B. (2011). Comparison of the effectiveness of mindfulness training and emotion regulation on the mental health of chemical warfare victims. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2(4):93-117(In Persian).

Pasandideh, R. (2016). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on increasing well-being, Journal of Thought and Behavior, 11(41) 7-16(In Persian).

Segal, Z.V. and Williams, J. M. G, (2002). Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse, New York. Guilford Press.

Soleimani, S., Babanejadi, M. and Ghanmi, F (2014). The Role of Self-Awareness and Emotion Regulation in Controlling Student Anxiety, Culture of Counseling and Psychotherapy Quarterly, 5(20)113-124(In Persian).

Subic-Wrana, C., Beutel, M., Brähler, E. and töbel-Richter, Y. (2014). How Is Emotional Awareness Related to Emotion Regulation Strategies and Self-Reported Negative Affect in the General Population? PLoS One. 2014; 9(3): e91846. Published online 2014 Mar 17. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091846

Tang, Y., Tang, R. and Gross, R (2019). Promoting Psychological Well-Being Through an Evidence - Based Mindfulness Training Program, PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE Front. Hum.

Validi Pak, A., Shadieh Moeini Manesh, K. (2014). The effectiveness of mindfulness on increasing optimism in pregnant women with diabetes, Health Quarterly, 4 (14): 62-78. (In Persian)

Yarmohammadi Wasel, M., Alipour, F., Bastami, M., Zolfaghari Nia, M. and Bazazzadeh, N (2015). The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between behavioral and impulsive brain systems, Quarterly Journal of Neuropsychology, 1(2): 51-67(In Persian)