Evaluation of Sound Channel usage in Tsunami Alarm System in Makran Sea
Subject Areas : Marine PhysicsA. Mohseni Araste 1 , K. Lari 2
1 - Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 - Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Tsunami, Arabian Sea, Makran Sea, seismo acoustics, DART,
Abstract :
In this project it was focused on a method which used sound channel to receive underwater seismo signals. After the discovery of sound channel existence in Arabian Sea and Makran Sea, all the sea water physical parameters data and the possibility of their variations caused by wind, surface currents, internal currents, sedimentations, etc. were analyzed, following which, the seismo acoustics transmission in sound channel was studied. Furthermore time travel of a sound signal was calculated and compared with a tsunami wave time travel. Research method was based on the study of sound channel formation with regards to sea water physical parameters variations, change in mixed layer formation and evaluation of SOFAR cline with changes in mixed layer cline. Results showed that we can use underwater sound channels to trace underwater seismo acoustics in these regions. Travel time of this sound was one seventh of a tsunami wave travel time.
Abe, K. 1989. Quantification of tsunamigenic earthquakes by the Mt scale. Tectonophysics, 166: 27-34.
Berberian, M. 1994. Natural Hazard and the First Earthquake Catalogue of Iran, Vol. 1: Historical Hazards in Iran Prior to 1900. A UNESCO/IIEES Publication during UN/IDNDR: International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran.
Dziewonski, A.M., Chou, T.A. & Woodhouse, J.H. 1981. Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Waveform Data for Studies of Global and Regional Seismicity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 86: 2825-2852.
Hatori, T. 1986. Classification of tsunami magnitude scale. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 61:
503- 515.
Heidarzadeh, M. & Kijko, A. 2011. A Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment for the Makran Subduction Zone at the Northwestern Indian Ocean. Natural Hazards, 56: 577– 593.
Kajiura K. 1977. Local behaviour of tsunamis. In: Provis D.G., Radok R. (eds.) Waves on Water of Variable Depth. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 64. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Mokhtari, M. 2011. Tsunami in Makran Region and Its Effect on the Persian Gulf. – In: Mokhtari, M. (Ed.): Tsunami, A Growing Disaster. InTech. Available at:ttps://www.intechopen.com/books /tsunami-a-growing-disaster/tsunami-in-makran-region-and-its-effect-on-the-persian-gulf.
Murty, T.S. and H.G. Loomis (1980). A new objective tsunami magnitude scale Marine. Marine Geodesy, 4: 267 – 282.
Page, W.D., Alt, J.N., Cluff, L.S. & Plafker, G. 1979. Evidence for the Recurrence of Largemagnitude Earthquakes along the Makran Coast of Iran and Pakistan. Tectonophysics, 52, 533–547.
Pararas-Carayannis, G. 2006. The Potential for Tsunami Generation along the Makran Subduction Zone in the Northern Arabian Sea. Case Study: The Earthquake and Tsunami of November 28, 1945. Science of Tsunami Hazard, 24 (5), 358–384.
Smith, G. L., McNeill, L. C., Wang, K., He, J. & Henstock, T. J. 2013. Thermal structure and megathrust seismogenic potential of the Makran subduction zone. Geophysical research letter, 40:1528–1533. doi:10.1002/grl.50374, 2013.
Shah-Hosseini, M., Morhange, C., Naderi Beni, A., Marriner, N., Lahijani, H., Hamzeh, M. & Sabatier, F. O. 2011. Coastal Boulders as Evidence for High-Energy Waves on the Iranian Coast of Makran. Marine Geology, 290: 17– 28.
Titov, V. V., Rabinovich, A. B., Mofjeld, H. O., Thomson, R. E. & Gonzalez, F. I. 2005. The Global Reach of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. Science, 309:2045–2048.
Vernant, P., Nilforoushan, F., and Hatzfeld, D.2004. Present-Day Crustal Deformation and Plate Kinematics in Middle East Constrained by GPS Measurements in Iran and Northern Oman. Geophysical Journal International, 157: 381-398.
