The extraction and identification of compounds in sea urchin (Echinodermata mathaei) with Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Subject Areas : Marine Biology

T. Naji ¹ , M. Ghomi ² , S. Bagheri Ziari ³

1 - Islamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran North Branch
2 - Islamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran North Branch
3 - Islamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran North Branch

Received: 2013-10-08 Accepted : 2016-09-18 Published : 2013-09-22

Keywords: Extraction, Echinodermata mathaei, Supercritical Fluid Extraction,

Abstract :

The existing compounds in a species of sea urchin (Echinodermata mathaei) were identified. The study area was in sub-tidal waters of Bandar- e - lengeh within the geographic east longitude 54° 53.312 and north latitude 26° 32.739. Random sampling took the full tide by diver. In order to identify the components of this organism, five sea urchins with an average length of about 8.5±1 cm and a width of 7±1 cm and a weight of 66.680±10 grams were evaluated. After preparation, samples were extracted by supercritical fluid (Model Suprex MPS/225 Manufacturing Co. America Pittsburgh) and identified by gas chromatography (Model 5890 Manufacturing Co. Hewlett Packard) coupled with mass spectroscopy (Model 5970 Manufacturing Co. Hewlett Packard). Compounds identified in this sea urchin with SFE method under optimal conditions were: 2.85% n-Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 1.9% Octadecanoic acid, 3.03% Cyclo propanenonanoic acid, 77.4% Cholesterol, 6.45% Ergosta-5, 22-dien-3-ol, 5.15% Fucosterol. Among these compounds, fucosterol and n-Hexadecanoic acid had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties respectively. Also Ergosta-5; 22-dien-3-ol had the germination properties.

References:

ایزدی، س.، اشجع اردلان، آ.، حسین زاده صحافی، ه. و شکری،م. 1388. معرفی سه گونه از رده خارداران در منطقه بین جذر و مدی جنوب جزیره قشم، خلیج فارس. مجله علمی شیلات ایران.20(1) : ص. 161-164.  

کشاورزی، س. و عاطفی،ع.1390.آشنایی با آنتی اکسیدان ها.مرکز تحقیقات خون، سرطان و ژنتیک دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، ایران. 18: ص16.

محمدیان، ح. 1388. خارپوستان خلیج فارس و دریای عمان (شامل ستاره‌های دریایی، مارسانان، خارسانان و لاله‌وشان کشور). نشر شب پره. تهران.

Aparna, V., Dileep, KV., Mandal, PK., Karthe, P., Sadasivan, C & Haridas, M .2012. Anti-inflammatory property of n-hexadecanoic acid: structural evidence and kinetic assessment. Chemical Biology & Drug Design, 80(3):434-9.

 

Ajdari, D., Hajirezaee, S and Ajdari, Z.2011. Fish colonization of artificial reefs in the Persian Gulf (Bandar Lengeh-Iran): Reef designs and seasonal changes of fish abundance. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 3(11): 204-212.

 

Biedermann, M.,Biedermann-Brem, S., Noti, A & Grob, K.  2002. Two GC-MS Methods for the analysis of acrylamide in food stuffs. Mitteilungen aus Lebensmitte luntersuchung und Hygiene, 93: 638–652.

Blunt, J. W., Copp, B. R., Keyzers, R A., Munro & Prinsep, M. R. 2012. Marine natural products. Natural Product Reports, 29:144-222.

 

Bonner,G.F. 2002. Using COX-2 inhibitors in IBD: anti-inflammatory inflame a controversy. The American Journal of Gastro Enterology, 97 (4): 783-785.

 

David, J., Newman, M & Gordon, M. 2002. Marine natural products and related compounds in clinical and advanced  preclinical Trials. Journal of Natural Products, 67: 1216-1238.

Evidente, A., Cimmino, A., Fernández-Aparicio, M., Rubiales, D., Andolfi, A  & Melck, D. 2011. Soyasapogenol B and Trans-22-dehydrocam- pesterol from common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) root exudates stimulate broomrape seed germination. Pest Management Science, 67(8):1015-22.

 

 Garg, T.,  Chanana, A. &  Joshi, R. 2012. Preparation of Chitosan Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering using Freeze drying Technology. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 2(1): 72-73.

 

Gilgun – Sherki , Y., Melamed, E. & Offen, D. 2004. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: the need for effective antioxidant therapy. Journal of Neurology, 251: 261-268.

Gu , H.,  Yuan, J.,  Sun, Li.,  She, Z.,  Wu, Ju.,  Lan, X., Zhu, X.,  Lin, Y &  Chen, S. 2011.Statistical research on marine natural products based on data obtained between 1985 and 2008. Marine Drugs, 9(4): 514-525.

 

Settle, F.A.1997. Handbook of instrumental techniques for analytical chemistry. Prentice Hall. USA.

 

Kelly, F.D., Sinclair, A.J., Mann, N.J., Turner, A.H., Abedin, L. & Li, D.2001. A stearic acid-rich diet improves thrombogenic and atherogenic risk factor profiles in healthy males. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 55:88-96.

Lawrence, J. M., Lawrence, A L. & Giese, A. C. 1966. Role of the gut as a nutrient storage   organ in the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). Physiological Zoology, 39: 281-290.

Memis, D., Akalin, E. & Yucel, T.2005. Analgesic-antipyretic and anti inflammatory agents and drugs employed in the treatment of gout. Journal of the Pancreas, 6(4):344-347.

 

Moussaoui, S., Obinu, M C., Daniel, N., Rebibaud, M., Blanchard, V & Imperato, A.  2000. The antioxidant ebselen prevents neurotoxicity and clinical symptoms in a primate model of Parkinson's disease. Experimental Neurology,166(2):235-245.

 

Nemoto, S., Sasaki, K., Toyoda, M. & Saito, Y. Effect of extraction conditions and modifiers on the supercritical fluid extraction of 88 pesticides. Jornal of Chromatographic Science, 35:467-477.

 

Pawson, D.L. 2007. Phylum Echinodermata. Zootaxa, 1668:749-764.

Pelle, E. 1999. Protection against endogenous and UVB- induced oxidative damage in stratum corneum lipids by an antioxidant-containing cosmetic formulation.  Photo dermatology, Photo immunology & Photo medicine , 15 (3-4):115-119.

Pettit, G.R., Hasler, J.A ., Paull, K.D.& Herald,C.l. 1981.  Antineoplastic agents. 76. The sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Journal of Natural  Products, 44(6). 701-4.

 

Pitchumoni, S.S. & Doraiswamy, P.M.1998. Current status of antioxidant therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 46(12):1566-1572.

Rainsford, KD.1999. Profile and mechanisms of gastrointestinal and other side effects of nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The American journal of medicine, 107 (6):27- 35.

Schäcke, H ., Döcke, W. D. & Asadullah, K. 2002. Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 96(1):23-43.

Find all citations by this author (default).

Or filter your current search

Find all citations by this author (default).

Or filter your current search

 

Serafini, M., Bellocco, R., Wolk, A. &  Ekström, AM.2002. Total antioxidant potential of fruit and vegetables and risk of gastric cancer. Gastroenterology, 123(4):985-991.

Singh, G.2000. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatismm and Aging Medical Information System. American Journal of Therapeutics, 7(2):115-121.

Yoo,  M.S., Shin, J.S., Choi, H.E., Cho, Y.W., Bang, M.H., Baek, N.I  &  Lee, K.T. 2012. Fucosterol isolated from Undaria  pinnatifida  inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines via the inactivation of nuclear factor-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in RAW264.7 macrophages. Food Chemistry, 135(3):967-75.