حرکت به سوی پایداری زیست‌محیطی برداشت گندم در سیستم‌های دیم و آبی
Subject Areas : Environmental policy and managementشمس‌اله عبداله پور 1 , ارمغان کوثری مقدم 2 , محمد بنایان 3
1 - گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
3 - گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
Keywords: انرژی, گندم, اگزرژی, اثرات زیست‌محیطی, امرژی,
Abstract :
این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی پایداری زیست‌محیطی برداشت گندم در سیستم‌های کشاورزی دیم و آبی در سه منطقه مختلف در ایران، شامل ساری، مشهد و پارس‌آباد مغان انجام شد. چهار شاخص پایداری انرژی، امرژی، اگزرژی و انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای در این پژوهش بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کارایی انرژی عملیات برداشت در سیستم‌های آبی بیشتر از سیستم‌های دیم بوده است. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل امرژی نشان داد که شاخص پایداری زیست‌محیطی در سیستم‌های دیم در مشهد، پارس‌آباد مغان و ساری به ترتیب 036/0، 035/0 و 034/0 بوده است. نتایج تحلیل اگزرژی نیز نشان داد که کارایی اگزرژی عملیات برداشت در سیستم‌های دیم و آبی در ساری و پارس‌آباد مغان به ترتیب با 07/56 و 72/128 بیشتر از مناطق دیگر بوده است. مجموع انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای در عملیات برداشت در ساری، پارس‌آباد مغان و مشهد در سیستم‌های دیم کمتر از سیستم‌های آبی تعیین شد (به ترتیب 88/54، 64/47 و 03/36 کیلوگرم کربن‌دی‌اکسید در هکتار در مقایسه با 52/67، 56/66 و 22/56 کیلوگرم کربن‌دی‌اکسید در هکتار). به صورت کلی، عملیات برداشت گندم در ساری و پارس‌آباد مغان به ترتیب در سیستم‌های کشت دیم و آبی دارای پایداری زیست‌محیطی بالاتری بودند.
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