اثر ترکیبات نور و مقطع زمانی کاربرد نور تکمیلی بر خصوصیات رشد رویشی و گلدهی بنفشه (Viola × wittrockiana Rose)

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

آزاده رشیدی ¹ , علی تهرانی فر ² , حسین نعمتی ³

1 - گروه علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، واحد بین الملل دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد
2 - استاد گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 - دانشیار/گروه علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد

Received: 2017-06-25 Accepted : 2018-02-17 Published : 2018-11-01

Keywords: کیفیت نور, تمدید طول روز, LED, شب‌شکنی, نورگاه,

Abstract :

هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر ترکیبات مختلف نور و مقطع زمانی کاربرد نور مکمل بر نحوه رشد رویشی و زایشی بنفشه (Viola × wittrockiana Rose) بود. این پژوهش با استفاده از آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و دو عامل مقطع زمانی کاربرد نور مکمل (شب شکنی و انتهای روز) و ترکیبات متفاوت نور شامل نسبت‌های مختلف نور آبی (طیف 467 نانومتر) و قرمز (625 نانومتر) به همراه نور لامپ پرفشار سدیم به عنوان شاهد انجام گرفت. تیمار ترکیبات نور (شدت 65 میکرومول بر متر مربع بر ثانیه) شامل 100٪ قرمز، 15٪ آبی: 85٪ قرمز، 30٪ آبی:70٪ قرمز و پرفشار سدیم بود. نتایج نشان داد که گیاهان با کاربرد ترکیب نوری 15٪ آبی: 85٪ قرمز بیشترین وزن تر و خشک برگسار (06/2 گرم و 23/0 گرم)، قطر ساقه (42/1 میلی‌متر)، سطح برگ (72/44 سانتی‌متر مربع)، تعداد برگ (5/16) و با کاربرد نور قرمز بیشترین وزن تر و خشک ریشه (63/1گرم و 39/0گرم) و بیشترین ارتفاع (17/6 سانتی‌متر) را داشتند. نتایج بیانگر اثر معنی‌دار برهمکنش مقطع زمانی بکارگیری نور مکمل و ترکیبات نور بر محتویات کلروفیلa، کلروفیلb، کلروفیل کل، کارتنویید و زمان گلدهی بود. کاربرد ترکیب نوری 15٪ آبی: 85٪ قرمز به صورت شب‌شکنی منجر به بیشترین محتویات کلروفیل a (86/0میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه)، کلروفیلb (52/0 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه) و کلروفیل کل (51/1 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه) شد. بیشترین محتویات کارتنویید (69/0 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه) با کاربرد ترکیب نوری 30٪ آبی: 70٪ قرمز به صورت شب‌شکنی و کوتاه‌ترین زمان گلدهی (56 روز بعد از کاشت بذر)  با کاربرد ترکیب نوری30% آبی: 70% قرمز به صورت شب‌شکنی و بدون اختلاف معنی‌دار با کاربرد این ترکیب نوری در انتهای روز  بدست آمد.

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